VERTEBRATE REMAINS, PORT KENNEDY BONE DEPOSIT. 253 



DIPLARTHRA. 



TAPIRUS Bliss. 



Remains of tapirs are abundant in the cave formations of North America, and 

 in other deposits of corresponding age. They have not yet been found much north 

 of latitude 40°, from localities in Indiana and Pennsylvania; i. e., from near Rich- 

 mond in the former State and Port Kennedy in the latter, while they are common 

 in the south. All appear to be referable to a single species. 



Tapirus haysii Leidv. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, VI, 106 ; VII, 201 ; Postpliocene Fossils of South Carolina, 

 1860, p. 106, PI. XVII, figs. 1-12. 



Tapirus americanus fossilis, Leidy /. c. 



Remains of thirty-five or more tapirs are contained in the Academy and in 

 the Wheatley collections. These are principally represented by teeth and jaws with 

 teeth in place. There are, however, some bones of the skeleton, including vertebrae, 

 limb bones, and bones of the feet, including three astragali. 



As observed by Leidy, there is a considerable range of variation in the dimen- 

 sions of individuals, some of them not exceeding T. terrestris ( T. americanus) in 

 size, while others were considerably larger. So far as the dentition is concerned I 

 cannot find any other difference between them, but I find nearly constant differences 

 between animals of all dimensions and T. terrestris. I have four mandibular rami 

 of T. haysii which contain the pm. 3, and four separate pm. 3. On comparing 

 these with five mandibles of T. terrestris, I find that the pm. 3 in the former differs 

 from that in the latter in the greater distinctness of the internal wall of the protoconid 

 between the paraconid and the metaconid. In T. haysii it is a convex surface 

 which descends to the inner base of the crown, separating the bases of the paraconid 

 and the metaconid. In T. terrestris it is only visible at the apex of the protoconid, 

 and the space between the paraconid and metaconid is concave instead of convex 

 above, or, if slightly convex, the bases of the paraconid and metaconid come 

 together and exclude the protoconid. This character is reinforced by a peculiarity 

 in the symphysis of the lower jaw. It is not so much compressed as in T. terrestris, 

 and its posterior face is not divided by a median tubercle as I find to be the case in 

 six lower jaws of T. terrestris. 



In T. roulinii the pm^- is of more elongate form and the deuterocone is smaller, 

 and the anterior cross-crest is of reduced proportions in the pm^, according to the 

 figures of Hatcher. 1 In these points T. haysii resembles T. terrestris. 



The relative proportions of the inferior incisors are much as in T. terrestris, 

 but they are much larger in all the specimens in the Port Kennedy collection. The 

 crown of the i^ is nearly as wide as that of the i T , but it has less vertical extent, 

 while the ig- has the usual reduced proportions ; and the crown is obtuse. In some 

 incisors there is a shallow longitudinal groove of the external face ; in others it is 

 very faint. I observe a trace of it in some specimens of T. terrestris. The superior 

 incisors are like those of T. terrestris, but larger ; none of them are in place. The 

 inferior canine is robust and has two cutting edges as in T. terrestris. For comparison 

 with T. terrestris I give the following measurements : 



1 Am. Journ. Sci. Arts, 1896, PI. IV, fig. 2. DeBlainville figures a worn individual. 



