1908.] W. M1CHAEI.SEN : Oligochœta of the Indian Empire and Ceylon. 145 



Prostates shortly and thickly tubular, somewhat bent or depressed (pressed by the 

 other organs ?), nearly disc-like, with a thick covering of pear-shaped glands. The 

 additional rudimentary male pores lead into an organ formed just like the 

 prostates but somewhat smaller. I could not detect whether these additional 

 rudimentary prostates are connected with an additional sperm-duct. I believe 

 they are not. It is not the first time that such rudimentary prostates have been 

 detected in Oligochœtes. I described such organs in certain lyumbriculids, e.g., 

 Rhynchelmis brachycephala, MICHL-SN.,' and called them "Kopulationsdrüsen," just 

 as VEJDOVSKY had done with the corresponding organs of R. limoscella, HAFFM., 

 and I showed the identity of the structure of these organs with that of the real pros- 

 tates and their relation to the rudimentary sperm-ducts. 



Female organs: A pair of great ovaries depend from the ventral part of sep- 

 tum lo-ii into the nth segment. They are apparently enclosed in a special ovarian 

 chamber, separated from the small nth segment by a fine membrane, which con- 

 nects septa 10- 1 1 and 11-12. A pair of small straight oviducts with rather small, 

 slipper-shaped funnels at septum 11-12. A pair of big egg-sacs, with wide anterior 

 opening, depend from septum 11-12 backwards through severa (about six) segments. 

 They are restricted by the septa. 



Spermathecse: Main pouch in the 8th segment, with a large egg-shaped ampulla 

 and a long, narrow, somewhat coiled duct, which is abruptly set off from the ampulla. 

 This duct, after piercing septum 7-8, opens from behind into the distal end of a 

 moderately large, simple, egg-shaped, almost unstalked muscular atrial chamber, 

 which depends into the 7th segment. 



Hab. — Central Provinces, Bilaspur, 900'; C. U. WILI^S leg. 

 Deccan, Hyderabad; Col. D. C. PHILLOTT leg. 

 ? Western Himalayas, Simla, 7,000'; Dr. N. ANNANDAI^E leg., 

 25-iv-07. 



Remarks. — The most interesting point in the anatomy of this species is the 

 existence of an additional rudimentary pair of prostates one segment before 

 the true prostates. This structure confirms the statement of ROSA ' (adopted by 

 myself ), that the genus Drawida {Moniligaster di BOURNE according to ROSA) has 

 arisen from the holoandric genus Desmogaster by the loss of the first pair of male organs 

 as well as a dislocation of all the generative organs with the exception of the sperma- 

 thecae. This structure in D. willsi clearly shows that Drawida formerly, as Desmo- 

 gaster still does, possessed two pairs of male organs, the anterior pair of which is 

 reduced and in most species of this genus totally lost, and that the genus Drawida is a 

 metandric one. 



' W. MICHAELSEN, Oligochseten der zoologischen Museen zu St. Petersburg und Kiew; in Bull. 

 Acad. St. Petersb. (5), xv, p. 180, fig. E (p. 179). 



* D. ROSA, I Lombrichi raccolti a Sumatra dal Dott. Elia Modigliani; in Ann. Mus. Genova, 

 xxxvi, p. 506 — 50g, 



ä W. MICHAEI/SEN, Die geographische Verbreitung der Oligochœten, Berlin, 1903, p. 65. 



