1908.] W. MiCHAELSKN : Oligochœta of the Indian Empire and Ceylon. 193 



one side. The anterior pair of male organs is completely separated from the posterior 

 pair. Each seminal vesicle communicates with a sperm-sac. There are two pairs of 

 large, somewhat incised granular sperm-sacs depending from septa 10-11 and 11-12 into 

 segments 11 and 12. 



Prostates: The glandular part is rather large, occupying about segments 18 

 — 22. It is much lobed, the lobes being relatively long and irregular and only very 

 loosely united. The duct is long and describes a rather long and somewhat 

 irregular loop, the distal branch of which is thick and muscular, whilst the proximal 

 part is much thinner. There is no copulatory pouch, the duct opening directly into 

 the male pore, which is situated on the top of the male papilla. Connected with each 

 prostate is a pair of accessory glands, one before and one behind each prostate 

 and pressed against the glandular part of it. These accessory glands have in situ 

 the appearance of being part of the prostate-gland, but on a more careful examina- 

 tion they will be found to possess an entirely different structure. They are long, 

 irregularly bent, pressed together, and grape-like, consisting of a great number of 

 small, rounded, pear-shaped or somewhat lobed glandular divisions, each of which 

 is provided with a rather long and narrow tube-like duct. These small glandular masses 

 are about \ mm. thick. They consist of rather large, more or less regular, pear-shaped 

 cells, and resemble in a certain degree the septal glands of Enchytraeids. The long and 

 thin hair-like ducts of these cells form compact bundles, which occupy the interior 

 of the tube-like ducts of the gland. The outer sheath of these gland-ducts, which are 

 about "15 mm. thick, is provided with a circular muscle-layer about 20 t*- in thick- 

 ness. The ducts of the glandular bulbs are more or less free in the proximal part. 

 Their distal parts, however, are closely packed together, forming a nearly compact 

 mass in the interior of the whole organ. In the middle of this conglomerate mass 

 of narrow ducts is found a thicker main duct forming the axis of the organ. This main 

 duct, into which open all the narrow ducts of the small glands, is about |- mm. thick 

 and is provided with a sheath of circular muscles which are about 40 /x thick. The 

 main ducts of the two grape-like glands go backwards and forwards respectively and 

 join in the i8th segment close to the middle line of the duct of the prostate to form a 

 common duct. The latter goes downwards to open to the exterior just medial from 

 the prostate-duct. It might be justifiable to regard these two grape-like glands as 

 one gland, consisting of two parts with a proximally bifurcated, distally simple, 

 main duct. Between the opening of the prostate and that of the gland, on the male 

 papilla near the top of it, stands a seta apparently somewhat larger than the ordinary 

 setse of the circle, from which it is distinctly separated. It must be regarded as a 

 penial seta, a very extraordinary occurrence in Pheretima, in which genus penial 

 setae have, I believe, never before been found. Unfortunately in all specimens 

 before me the distal end of the penial seta has been broken off and lost, so that I am 

 not able to say whether this seta was modified in shape. 



Spermathecse (fig. 26): Main pouch irregularly pear-shaped, the ampulla not 

 being set off abruptly from the narrower, shorter duct. Into the distal end of the duct 

 opens a narrow tubular diverticulum, somewhat swollen at the proximal end to form 

 here a small pear-shaped seminal chamber. The diverticulum stretched out is more 



