a ee ee 
T. S. Hunt on the Chemistry of Natural Waters. 43 
Art. VII.— Contributions to the Chemistry of Natural Waters ; by 
T. Sterry Hunt, A.M., F.R.S.: of the Geological Survey of 
Canada. 
Tl. 
Analyses of various Natural Waters. 
F Srctions.—35, mode of analysis, el if collection; 36, waters of the 
“first el aad 37, their probable origin, the elimination of sulpha ates; 8, separation 
of lime-salts from waters; 39, earthy ¢ chloride ‘in in vaste ‘ous formations ; brines of 
New York, Michigan, and Regiews foot-note on errors in water-analyses ; 40, 
brines of western Pennsylvania; waters in which chlorid of calcium predomi- 
nates ; 41, origin of such waters; separation of magnesia as an insoluble silicate ; 
a 
and Canada ; 49, changes in composition, action on calcareous strata ; 50, waters 
of the sixth class, their various sources ; 51, nates’ sulphated waters. 
§ 35. The analyses of the various mineral waters to be given 
in the second part of the present paper, were made according to 
the modes laid down in the treatise of Fresenius on Quantitative 
Analysis. The carbonate of soda in the alkaline waters was i 
termined by the excess of the alkaline bases over the chlori 
and sulphuric acid present. This was generally controlled by 
the amount of the carbonate of baryta thrown down from a so- 
lution of chlorid of barium by a solution of the soluble salts 
obtained by the evaporation of the mineral water; and in some 
cases, to be specified farther on, this latter process was relied on 
as the only means of determining the amount of carbonate of 
soda. For remarks on the earthy carbonates of the waters, and 
their relation to the results of analysis, see Part III of this paper. 
The date at which the various waters were collected for analy- 
sis is in each case appended to the notice of the spring. This is 
of the Deg importance, inasmuch as it will be shown that, in 
the course of years, some of the springs ee hare d have 
suffered “sonadereble changes in their compositi 
§ 36. In the niet table are given the aualyae of several 
waters belonging to the first class as defined in 
ee fee water is from a well thirty feet in den near the vil- 
lage of Ancaster, on the western shore of Lake Ontario. It is 
sunk in the Niagara formation; but like the other waters of this : 
class, probably has its source in the Lower Silurian limestones. 
The water rises nearly to the surface, but there is no perceptible 
discharge. Its temperature was found to be 48° F. when col- 
lected for analysis in September, 1847. 
~seven analyses of waters here given, ten have 
in ‘én Journal (2) viii, ix, xi; but for the purposes of comparison it is 
to reproduce in the — — Of the others the 
