‘Preserved fragment of a vast formation once deposited over the Appa- 
re more than 2000 feet 
Mineralogy and Geology. 265 
the largest pot-hole has, in some places, a coating of carbonate of lime 
one-tenth of an inch thick, laid very evenly over the slate, and large 
lumps of limestone of the nature of stalactites have been found in ‘ka 
same hole, 
I went over the ground in company with Mr. A. E. Knapp, one of the 
principal owners of the quarry, who furnished most of the measurements 
mentioned above, 
Poultney, Vt. July, 1865. 
Observations on the Eocene Lignite Formation of the United 
States; by T. A. Conrap. Older Eocene or London Clay. Lignite 
Lpoch.—Some years ago I visited a marl deposit near Long Branch, Mon- 
mouth Co,, N.J., in which casts of a few shells presented an Eocene char- 
acter. Observing in Vanuxem’s cabinet a specimen what is now 
es 
Bracklesham. Professor Cook has lately sent me a box specimens 
ti the deposit to the Brandon and Mississippi Lignite strata. In- 
deed it seems clear that this Shark River marl was the of the oldest 
nh n, and that the flora of the Brandon and Southern Tertia 
h flourished at the same time. ocal, circumscribed character of 
Alto, near Chambersburg, described by Prof. Lesley, is doubtless a locally 
lachian slope to the very base of the mountain range, and oceu} a 
large space in South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi, and i 
Act, extending to the Pacific as far north’as Vancouver's Island. Dana’s 
of the Cretaceous epcech gives a general view of the United States at 
this time, supposing what was then ocean had become land and fresh 
Water, 
It is probable that the estuary deposits of Upper Missouri are the base 
of the tte ene “eit ie Fadi Waitt shells are the earliest tertiary 
Ppes of this continent. The species of Vivipara resemble the me 
rms of the Paris basin. According to Meek and Hayden these 
Am. Jour. Sct.—Secoxp Serres, Vot. XL, No. 119.—Sepr., 1865. 
