198 Prof. Gray on the Botany of Japan, 
lina), Honey-Locust (Gleditschia triacanthos), Prinos coriacets, and 
‘alamus,—besides an elm and a Ceanothus doubtfully 
referable to existing species,—on the Mississippi, near Colum- 
bus, Kentucky, in beds which Mr. Lesquereux regards as ante- 
rior to the drift. Professor D. D. Owen has indicated their 
position “as about 120 feet lower than the ferrugineous sand as 
Middle United States, the Hlephas primigenius, ranging from 
well known to indicate a warm-temperate climate as far north as 
Britain, in the middle, if not the later post-tertiary. North America 
then had its herds of Mastodons, Elephants, Buffaloes or Bisons — 
of different species, Elks, Horses, Megalonyx, the Lion, &c.; 204). 
from the relations between this fauna and that of Europe, there. 
is little doubt that the climate was as much milder than the 
ay on this as on the other side of the ocean. All the facts 
known to us in the tertiary and post-tertiary, even to the limtng 
line of the drift, conspire to show that the difference between the 
two continents as to temperature was very nearly the same thed 
