F. H. Bradley—Stlurian age of the Southern Appalachians. 285 
along the outcrop of this sandstone, resulting from the decom- 
position of the pyrite therein contained. 
Looking northeastward, toward the other section of this 
mountain, to be hereinafter described, we see no intervening 
ridges and no apparent outcrop of the sandstone, but only a 
confused cluster of low, rounded, shale hills. 
Descending the southeastern face of the mountain, we find its 
foot composed of the Ocoee slates, semi-metamorphosed, dipping 
northwest. In the middle of the valley is a knob of the 
conglomerate, apparently occupying the axis of the anticlinal, 
since southeast dips at once recur, the slates forming the ridge 
bounding the valley on the southeast. The second and third 
ridges show small synclinal patches of the Chilhowee sandstone 
on their crests, with slight intervening anticlinals, while the 
fourth is a sharp anticlinal in the slates, which brings us to the 
Coca Creek waters, where the outcrop of these slates, with some 
small quartz veins, has yielded small amounts of placer gold. 
At one point here, I saw a small outcrop of the Chilhowee, dip- 
ping sontheastward, and apparently cut off by a fault. Indeed, 
slight faults are frequent in the slates which here form the mass 
of the Smoky Mountains along the State line. These disturb- 
ances, however, though preventing any accurate determination 
of the true thickness of the beds, in no way interfere with the 
continuity of the mass and the constancy of the general south- 
easterly dips. These dips continue for about five miles beyond 
the State line, the beds showing more and more thorough meta- 
morphism, the slates becoming micaceous and talcoid schists, 
and the inclosed beds of conglomerate becoming gneisses, more 
or less pebbly or even porphyritic. Here, on the eastern slope 
of Long Ridge, just beyond Hennegar’s, northwest dips set_in 
again, and continue about nine miles, to Davidson’s, in similar 
beds: at this latter point, an anticlinal of softer hydromica 
schists and gneisses, partly staurolitic, with thin quartz veins 
and much iron sand, appears for half a mile, and represents the 
Copper-bearing beds of Ducktown, the ores of which are said to 
be exposed in the bed of the Hiwassee, perhaps three miles 
West of this point. The beds appear to lie conformably be- 
neath the true Ocoee, on both sides of the anticlinal ; and there 
Seems to be no reason for referring them to a distinct group, as 
was done by Emmons; and here Kerr has not followed him. 
The series shows a much wider outcrop at Ducktown, a dozen 
miles southwest, where, as is well known, rich copper mines 
ave been developed.* The ore-deposits here are irregular 
masses of “stock-work,’ though filling crevices which run 
* Still more extensive deposits would doubtless have been d, had more con- 
Venient access made mining more profitable. In the present condition of affairs, 
the Ducktown works, though economically managed, return hardly a living profit, 
and await the coming of a promised railroad for lower freights and cheaper f 
