NORTHERN AND WESTERN OUTCROP IN OHIO 87 



east from Hocking, the limestone becomes very thin, being only 6 inches 

 where last seen, and it evidently disappears within a short distance. 

 The Sharon sandstone can not be recognized in Hocking or northern 

 Vinton.* 



Passing from Hocking into Vinton county, the next south, one finds 

 the border of Upper Carboniferous extending farther westward than in 

 the northern counties ; so that in Vinton it is almost on the western 

 edge of the county, while farther south it passes out of Jackson into 

 Pike county, where some isolated areas remain, fully 20 miles farther 

 west than the western limit in Licking county. 



At numerous places in Swan and Jackson, the northwest townships 

 of Vinton county, as well as in northern Richland, adjoining Jackson 

 township on the south, a coal bed 4 inches to 2 feet 10 inches thick is 

 shown resting on the Waverly or separated from it by at most a few 

 feet of fireclay. This is 120 feet below the Lower Mercer limestone and 

 is the Sharon coal bed. The Sharon sandstone makes its appearance 

 in the middle of Richland township, where a section shows the Sharon 

 coal bed at 60 feet above the Logan and 15 feet above a massive sand- 

 stone, of which the bottom 12 feet is a hard white sandstone containing 

 " concretions of flint and lime and made up largely of organic remains, 

 forms often comminuted." Professor Andrews thinks these probably 

 represent the Maxville, and he states that he has seen similar forms 

 near Newark, in Licking county. This is the same white sandstone so 

 often referred to by Mr Read in his descriptions of the northern coun- 

 ties, and the concretions are evidently the same with Read's irregular 

 broken fragments, accompanied by angular fragments of rock. 



Other measurements by Professor Andrews in the southern part of 

 Vinton county make the matter wholly clear and prepare the student to 

 understand the conditions in Jackson county which caused so much per- 

 plexity in the past. In southern Richland, Professor Andrews reports a 

 section which makes the interval from the Lower Mercer limestone to the 

 Waverly 189 feet, with the Quakertown coal bed at 75 feet below the 

 limestone, and another coal bed, 3 feet 6 inches thick, within 15 feet of 

 the Waverly, or about 170 feet below the limestone. This was very per- 

 plexing to one who so zealousty championed the doctrine of parallelism 

 of coal beds, but he states that the measurement is open to no doubt, as 

 it was made repeatedly by the aid of the Locke's level. It shows, he 

 says, a thickening of the interval between the (Mercer) limestone and the 

 Waverly of 60 feet in a southwest direction within three miles and a 

 half. At an exposure within a mile he finds a coal bed, 13 inches thick 



*E. B. Andrews : Report for 1870, pp. 80, 82, 87. 



