90 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



doubt that the coal bed at 45 feet below the blue limestone is the same 

 with that often seen just above the Upper Connoquenessing ; that the 

 bed at 70 to 80 feet is at the Quakertown horizon, and that the " Wells- 

 ton coal bed " is the Sharon. The Jackson Shaft coal bed is within the 

 Sharon conglomerate, and is the same with that discovered by Andrews 

 in southern Vinton, representing a coal-making stage wholly without 

 coal at any localities in the northern part of the basin, where the horizon 

 is exposed frequently. The Wellston and Shaft coals are of excellent 

 quality, and the former occasionally becomes cannel. As usual, the 

 Sharon floor is irregular. The Mercer coals are unimportant, but the 

 Tionesta is of workable thickness in the northeastern part of the county, 

 where it is largely cannel, a characteristic which becomes more and more 

 marked as the bed is followed southward. 



In the report on Pike county, which is west from Jackson, Professor 

 Orton joins the Jackson section to that of Pike. Three miles west from 

 Jackson a 3-foot coal bed, identical in character with that of the Shaft 

 coal bed, is worked. The same bed is mined at 2 miles northwest, as 

 well as on the county line, which makes the junction with the mines of 

 northeast Pike. There has been a great change in the Sharon sandstone 

 within this interval. Professor Orton states that the Wellston coal bed 

 is found at one place in northwest Jackson county at 125 feet above the 

 lower coal bed. This shows a rapid increase in the upper Sharon, but 

 he gives no measurements of the lower portion — that below the Shaft 

 coal. The increase in this, however, is equally notable, for in north- 

 eastern Pike the Shaft coal bed is underlain by 180 feet of conglomerate 

 and has overlying it 75 feet of sandstone and conglomerate to the top 

 of the section. The Sharon (Wellston) coal bed is not reached in this 

 county. It is evident that the western limit of the basin lay not far 

 west from eastern Pike. The interval from the Sharon coal bed to the 

 Waverly, in Lick township of Jackson, is not more than 60 feet; in 

 eastern Jackson township it is 130 feet, while in the northeastern part 

 of Pike it is not less than 310 feet, taking the interval above the Shaft 

 coal as continuing unchanged into Pike ; but the increase in the 

 upper portion was the more notable in Jackson, so that the total in Pike 

 may not have been less than 400 feet. The coal becomes uncertain in 

 occurrence within Pike and runs out within 3 or 4 miles west from the 

 Jackson line, for exposures of its place there show no trace of the coal.* 



Professor Andrews states that the conglomerate reaches only into the 

 northwest corner of Scioto county, south from Jackson. There it is 80 

 feet thick, but followed southward it loses coarseness, though its equiv- 



* E. Orton : Vol. v. p. 1009 ; vol. vi, pp. 615, 631, 032, 635. 



