KENTUCKY 95 



son Shaft coal bed as present under the conglomerate on some large 

 streams entering from the west. As in Carter, the Sharon is for the most 

 part a coarse sandstone; it increases southward, for its cliffs on Little 

 Sandy become 175 feet high, while above it is shaly sandstone passing 

 into shale, in all 75 feet, on which rests the Sharon coal bed. How much 

 of this upper rock should be regarded as Sharon is difficult to determine, 

 but farther south it appears to be wholly separate and to have been de- 

 posited on an irregular surface of Sharon sandstone. The Sharon shale 

 contains calcareous concretions already recognized at this horizon in 

 Greenup and Carter, which characterize these shales in Lawrence county 

 east from Carter, as well as in counties south from Elliott. The Quaker- 

 town coal bed, about 75 feet above the Sharon, retains its cannel in Elliott 

 as it does southward and eastward in Morgan, Johnson, and other counties. 

 The Mercer, at 163 feet above the Quakertown, or 240 feet above the 

 Sharon, is an important bed and is mined at many places on the east 

 side of the county, but on the westerly side it is broken by many partings 

 and is less valuable. The Tionesta (Hunnewell) is very irregular, but 

 is still the " upper cannel.''* 



Morgan county is south of Elliott and Rowan, with Menifee at the 

 west. In its western portion the coal of the Jackson Shaft (?) horizon 

 was mined by stripping many years ago and was highly prized for 

 blacksmiths' use; it varied from 6 to 12 inches. Lesley found the 

 Sharon sandstone 140 feet thick, with the Sharon coal bed above it. 

 Professor Crandall says that the Sharon coal bed in northwestern 

 Morgan is at about 50 feet above the Sharon sandstone, and the overly- 

 ing shales contain calcareous bands and limestone concretions. Here, 

 however, somewhat similar concretions, but much more sandy than 

 those below, are associated with the Quakertown bed. The higher coal 

 beds will be described in connection with the eastern counties. Professor 

 Crandall gives the thickness of the sub-Sharon shales as from 10 to 50 

 feet and calls attention to cross-bedding of the sandstone.t 



Menifee county is west from Morgan, southwest from Rowan. The 

 section does not reach to the Sharon coal bed. In the southern portion, 

 near the border of the basin, the Sharon sandstone becomes 200 feet 

 thick and passes upward into a shaly sandstone as in Elliott. The 

 underlying shale increases from 15 feet in the northern part of the 

 county to 125 feet in the southern. The non-plastic Scioto ville clay is 

 present, but its place was not ascertained, as only loose fragments were 



*Jos. Lesley: Fourth Report, pp. 462, 463. 



A. R. Crandall : Geology of Elliott County, 1887 (?), pp. 6, 13-16. 

 f Jos. Lesley: Fourth Report, pp. 463, 465-466. 

 A. R. Crandall : Vol. vi, new series, p. 11, sec. 2. 



