TENNESSEE 11? 



west from the Crab Orchard anticlinal followed by the Sequatchie valley, 

 and afterward Walden ridge, forming the narrow strip east from that 

 valley and extending to the eastern escarpment of the Cumberland 

 plateau. 



Mr Hayes divides the Upper Carboniferous rocks of southern Tennes- 

 see into Lookout sandstone, below, and Walden sandstone, above. The 

 Lookout extends upward to the top of the Main (Bonair) conglomerate. 

 ;t The Walden " is described as consisting of 



1. A coarse, heavy sandstone, usually conglomerate. 



2. Sandy shales. 



3. Variable thickness of coarse, white, or yellow sandstone, containing pebbles ; 



forms surface of much of Bledsoe and Cumberland counties. 



4. Several hundred feet of shales, some approaching fireclay, others passing through 



micaceous, sandy shales into thin bedded sandstone ; most important as con- 

 taining chief coal bed of the region. This mass decreases westward and dis- 

 appears near the western escarpment. 



The full thickness of the beds as thus described is seen only near the 

 Sequatchie valley, where it is 650 feet. As the Walden rests on the 

 Bonair conglomerate, one must recognize in number 3 the Rockcastle, and 

 in number 1 the Corbin of Campbell. 



White county is south from Putnam. In the northeastern part of the 

 county, on Calfkiller creek, Professor Safford found 



Feet. Inches. Feet 



1. Conglomerate [Main, Bonair] Not measured. 



2. Shales 80 



3. Sandstone [Etna, Cliff] 13 



4. Coal and fireclay 1 to 2 



5. Shale 12 



6. Coal bed 3 6 



7. Clay and concealed .... 32 



to the Lower Carboniferous. The important coal bed is at 106 feet below 

 the Bonair. Here appears for the first time in the sections the sandstone, 

 number 3, which farther south becomes " Safford 's Cliff sandstone " or 

 " Lower Etna conglomerate." At 4 miles north from Bonair the inter- 

 val to the sandstone appears to be not more than 23 feet, and a coal bed 

 2 to 3 feet thick rests on the sandstone. At little more than 2 miles from 

 Bonair, four coal beds are shown below the Bonair in about 100 feet of 

 measures, and the Bonair is 90 feet thick. At Bonair, Professor Safford 

 found the Bonair 90 feet thick, with 102 feet of measures below contain- 

 ing several thin seams of coal. Mr Campbell gives the thickness below 

 as 110 feet, with an important coal bed very near the bottom. On Clifty 



XVI— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 15, 1903 



