160 J. X. STEVENSON — CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



Feet. laches 



22. Coal 1 5 



23. Shales 10 



24. Concealed 30 



25. Massive sandstone 125 



26. Concealed and sandstone 60 



27. Massive sandstone 140 



28. Con glomerate and sandstone 55 



or 1,400 feet to the top of the Mauch Chunk red shales. Grouping the 

 beds for comparison with localities at the south, one has 



Feet 



Sewell formation 478 • 



Raleigh sandstone 155 



Quinnimont formation 268 



Clark and Pocahontas (Thurmond) . . 499 



The only decrease is in the Sewell ; the Quinnimont shows a decided 

 increase. A great change has taken place in the lower part of the col- 

 umn. Fontaine's section near Quinnimont shows much shale and flaggy 

 sandstone in the lower Clark and in the Pocahontas, where massive sand- 

 stones predominate in the Nuttallburg section. The four coal beds of the 

 Sewell formation persist, though the Sewell (Sewanee) bed is the only 

 one of value. Three beds are exposed in the Quinnimont and the upper 

 two beds of the Clark still persist. The place of the Pocahontas is in the 

 concealed interval, number 26, but no trace of it or of the other low coals 

 is reported by Doctor White.* 



The Nuttall (Sharon, Corbin) sandstone forms cliffs along New River 

 canyon to Kanawha falls, about 12 miles northwest from Nuttallburg. 

 There, according to J. B. Rogers, it is still more or less conglomerate. 

 It finally passes under the Kanawha river (formed by union of New and 

 Gauley rivers) at 3 miles below the falls, not far above the mouth of 

 Armstrong creek, where Doctor White obtained a section which will be 

 referred to further on. From the falls westward and northwestward 

 along the river one has to do with the Kanawha formation almost to 

 Charleston, beyond which the Charleston sandstone and higher beds are 

 the surface rocks. To prepare a generalized section of the Kanawha 

 formation as it occurs along the river is very difficult, owing to the ex- 

 treme variability of the coal beds and of the intervals separating them, 

 conditions to which Professor W. B. Rogers first called attention 63 years 

 ago and which were emphasized by Professor Fontaine 30 years ago. 

 The general succession may be given as follows : 



rp 



*I. C. White: U. S. Geol. Survey Bulletin, no. G5, p. 197 ; West Virginia Geol. Survey, vol. ii, 1903, 

 p. 017. 



