220 A. W. G. WILSON — TRENT RIVER SYSTEM 



the main features have been determined. The minor cuestas between 

 Consecon lake and West lake, four in number, are the southeast sides of 

 valleys of the second type which head on the upland adjacent to the 

 Long reach. The cuestas north of Consecon lake are associated with the 

 complex system of valleys, parts of which form the present bay of Quinte, 

 between Trenton and the Long reach. Those south of East lake, except 

 the one immediately adjacent to the lake, are also associated with val- 

 leys of the second type. 



Other rivers in the province of Ontario. — Tributar} 7 to the bay of Quinte 

 there are a number of other streams traversing valleys of the types here 

 described. The largest of these is the Moira. Heading on the Archean, 

 it runs southwest to the cuesta front at a point 5 miles west of the village 

 of Madoc. The main stream now turns eastward along the lowland in 

 front of the cuesta, expanding slightly at Moira lake, to Stoco lake, also 

 in front of the cuesta. From here it passes into the cuesta through one 

 of the valley openings of the first t} 7 pe and continues along the depres- 

 sions for several miles. The lower portions of the valley are blocked b} 7 

 heavy accumulations of drift, and the river has taken a new channel, 

 not directly associated with any of the old rock valle3 7 s, though it reaches 

 to bed rock in several places. In the vicinity of Plainfield the Moira 

 receives an important tributary from the northeast. This tributary 

 heads in a direct line with Beaver lake, and occupies a valley which 

 may be the lower course of an old valley of which Beaver lake marks 

 the site of the upper narrow portion, the part between being drift- 

 blocked. There are also several tributary streams of minor importance 

 heading on the limestone uplands and occupying rock valleys which 

 have well defined sides near their junction with the main valley. 



Omitting further reference to several minor streams, the next river of 

 importance is the Salmon river. This heads in Beaver lake a little west 

 of Tamworth and crosses the limestone area in a well defined straight 

 valley, easily traceable by its high, well marked rock scarps the whole 

 way across. The Napanee river, Big creek, Mill creek, Collins creek, 

 and Cataraqui creek all cross the limestone regions in definite, straight 

 rock-sided valleys of the first type. Between these streams, and also in 

 some cases tributary to them, are several minor streams occupying val- 

 leys of the second type. In the case of Cataraqui creek, it is interesting 

 to note that in cutting downward the stream which carved the valley 

 encountered an Archean ridge buried in the limestone, through which 

 it has carved a narrow canyon (at Kingston mills), the valley on the 

 limestones above and below being much broader than here — a typical 

 " shut in " of the Missouri type, in fact. 



