510 F. P. GULLIVER — NANTUCKET SHORELINES 



during the summer of 1903. The sand came around the north of Great 

 point and was built up in front of the west shoreline as a low offshore 

 bar inclosing a narrow lagoon (plate 48, figure 1). In August, 1903, there 

 were four of these lagoons and sand bars observed overlapping one 

 another. Apparently the outgrowth was progressing farther and farther 

 to the south. It is proposed to continue observing these bars and lagoons 

 during succeeding years. 



COSKATA 



The breaking through of the Haulover in the winter of 1896-'97 caused 

 the sea to attack the land south of Coskata pond at the head of Nantucket 

 harbor. This cutting revealed the fact that to the southeast of Coskata 

 pond there was formerly an island made up of clay and glacial gravel, 

 which the writer has called Coskata island (plate 48, figure 2). This area 

 has been so covered with dense brush that it has formerly been considered 

 as part of the sand built up by the sea, but by the exposures made since 

 the formation of the Haulover break, the true character of this oldland 

 island has been clearly shown (plate 49, figure 1).* 



To the north of Coskata pond there is now a small remnant of another 

 island, not yet consumed by the sea, which the writer would call Folger 

 island, from the name of the family who lived on the sheep farm situ- 

 ated at this point. Undoubtedly this island and Coskata island formerly 

 extended much farther to the east, and they have been cut back by the 

 sea, together with the east coast of Nantucket island extending from 

 Wauwinet to 'Sconset. The bar connecting Coskata with Nantucket 

 island at Wauwinet was a completed tombolo, over which the sea broke 

 in a great storm in December, 1896. 



The writer has commenced a comparison of the old maps and records 

 of the Coskata region, and hopes at some future time to be able to present 

 more in detail the history of Coskata and Folger islands. 



Haulover Break 



Within the memory of the oldest inhabitant of Nantucket there has 

 been a completed tombolo connecting Coskata island with the oldland 

 of Nantucket at Wauwinet, and as far as the writer knows there is no 

 local tradition of any opening in this tombolo between Wauwinet and 

 Coskata since the first settlers began to displace the Indians on the island 

 of Nantucket.f 



*0n the geological map of Nantucket by Professor Shaler a portion of Coskata island is 

 colored as till. Bulletin 53, 1889, U. S. Geol. Survey, 

 f Since this was written the writer has heard of an old map which shows an opening. 



