Order GRALL.E.] [p AM . CHARADRIIDJE. 



STREPSILAS IXTEEPEES. 



(TURNSTONE.) 



Tringa interpres, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 248 (1766). 



Tringa morinella, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766). 



Tringa hudsonica, Miiller, Syst. Nat. Suppl. p. 114 (1776). 



Morinella collaris, Meyer and Wolf, Tasch. deutsch. Vogelk. ii. p. 383 (1810). 



Charadrius cinches, Pall. Zoogr. Eosso-As. ii. p. 148 (1811). 



Strepsilas interpres, Illiger, Prodr. p. 263 (1811). 



Strepsilas collaris, Temm. Man. d'Om. i. p. 349 (1815). 



Arenaria interpres, Vieill. N. D. d'Hist. Nat. xxxiv. p. 345 (1819). 



Strepsilas borealis, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 559 (1831). 



Strepsilas litforalis, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 560 (1831). 



Cinclus morinellus, Gray, List Gen. of B. p. 85 (1841). 



Cinclus interpres, Gray, Gen. of B. iii. p. 549 (1846). 



Strepsilas minor, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 289. 



Ad. ptil. cestiv. pileo et cervice albis, plumis medialiter nigris, quasi striatis : fascia nigr& frontali ante oculum 

 decuiTente et unk cum genis nigris ad collum laterale conjuncta : regione oculari alba : dorso laete 

 castaneo, plaga magna, interscapular! utrinque nigra, et ptilosi reliqua plus minusve nigro notata : dorso 

 postico et supracaudalibus albis, uropygio nigro : tectricibus alarum pallide ferrugineis, esterioribus 

 nigro notatis, majoribus late albo terminatis : remigibus bmnneis, et versus apicem saturatioribus, 

 primariis minoribus ad basin albis, remigibus minoribus anguste albo terminatis, secundariis latissime 

 albo marginatis, secundariis intimis dorso concoloribus : cauda alba, late brunneo transfasciata, i"ectri- 

 cibus duabus centralibus omnino brunneis : gula alba, nigro notata : gutture et pectore toto superiore 

 nigerrimis : corpore reliquo subtiis pure albo : rostro nigro : pedibus rubris : iride nigra. 



Ad. ptil. Mem. ubique obscurior, nigredine brunnescente mixta : vertice nigro albo paullulum vario : gula albida : 

 coloribus ut in ptdosi estiva agnoscendis sed semper pallidioribus. 



Adult in summer. Forebead and sides of tbe head white, the former crossed by a narrow band of velvety 

 black, which connects the eyes, and widening below them, joins a broader band of the same colour, 

 extending from the base of the lower mandible on each side of the throat ; crown of the head white, 

 each feather centred with black ; hind part of neck white, more or less varied with brownish black ; 

 shoulders and upper part of the back glossy black, with a broad irregular mark of chestnut in the line 

 of the spine ; the whole of the mantle black, varied with chestnut, and some of the feathers narrowly 

 tipped with white ; the lower part of the back and the upper tail-coverts white ; throat white, mottled 

 on the lower part with black, which rapidly predominates, the fore part and sides of the breast, up to 

 the insertion of the wings, as well as the rump, being velvety black ; the rest of the body-plumage pure 



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