Order ANSERES.j [Fam. LARIDtE. 



LARUS DOMINICANUS. 



(SOUTHERN BLACK-BACKED GULL.) 



Lams dominicanus, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 82 (1823). 

 Lams littoreus, Forster, Descr. Anim. p. 46 (1844). 

 Lams antipodus, Gray, Cat. Anseres, Brit. Mus. p. 169 (1844). 

 Dominicanus antipodus, Bruch, J. f. O. 1853, p. 100. 

 Clv/peilarus antipodum, Bonap. C. R. xlii. p. 770 (1856). 

 Lams vociferus, Burra. Syst. Uebers. Th. Bras. p. 448 (1856). 

 Dominicanus azarae, Bonap. Consp. Gen. Av. ii. p. 214 (1857). 

 Lestris antarcticus, Ellman, Zool. 1861, p. 7472. 

 Lestris fuscus, Ellman, Zool. 1861, p. 7472. 

 Larus antipodum, Gray, Ibis, 1862, p. 248. 

 Lams pad fieus, Layard, Ibis, 1S63, p. 245. 

 Larus azarce, Pelz. Reise Nov. p. 151 (1865). 



Native names. 

 Karoro ; the young bird distinguished as Ngoiro. 



Ad. capite toto cum collo undique et corpore subtus toto albis : interscapulio, scapularibus cum dorso summo et 

 tectricibus alarum cinereo-nigricantibus : remigibus nigris, late albo terminatis, secundariis latissime, 

 primario primo fascia subterminali alba notato : dorso postico, uropygio, supracaudalibus et cauda tota 

 pure albis : subalaribus cum axillaribus et secundariis intus albis : rostro citrino, mandibula macula 

 prjeapicali sanguinea notata : pedibus viridi-flavicantibus vix grisescentibus : iride argentco-alba. 



Juv. supra brunneus, dorsi plumis late albido marginatis, dorso postico et uropygio albis brunneo irregulariter 

 notatis ct fasciatis : capite et collo postico brunneis albido striolatis : tectricibus alarum brunneis palli- 

 das marginatis, medianis et majoribus albido terminatis : remigibus nigricanti-brunneis, secundariis 

 pallidioribus, internis pallidiorc brunneo marmoratis et albido terminatis : subtus albicans, ubiquc 

 brunneo maculatus aut semifasciatus : rostro cinerascenti-brunneo, versus basin mandibular pallidiorc, 

 ad apicem corneo : pedibus saturate brunneis. 



Pull, ubiquc saturate cinerascenti-brunneus, pileo nigricantc marmorato : dorso obscuro brunneo notato : rostro 

 nigro : pedibus plumbeis : iride nigra. 



Adult. General plumage pure wliite ; back and upper surface of wings slaty black ; the secondaries and 

 scapulars crossed by a broad terminal bar of white ; the primaries black, the first with a broad irregular 

 bar across both webs, and beyond it a small terminal spot of white ; the rest arc largely tipped with 

 white, and on the inner web of some of them there is likewise a semilunate mark of greyish white. 

 I rides silvery grey ; bill bright lemon-yellow, changing to red on the prominence of the lower mandible ; 



