Okdbe ANSERES.] [Fam. PELECANID^E. 



PHALACROCORAX VARIUS. 



(PIED SHAG.) 



Pied Shag, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 605 (1785). 



Pelecanus varius, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 576 (1788). 



Carlo hypoleucus, Brandt, Bull. Acad. Imp. Petersb. i. p. 55 (1837). 



Phalacrocorax leucogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 156. 



Graucalus varius, Gray, in Dieff. Trav. ii. App. p. 201 (1843). 



Gracalus varius, Gray, Voy. Ereb. & Terr. Birds, p. 19 (1844). 



Pelecanus pica, Forst. Descr. Anim. p. 104 (1844). 



Phalacrocorax hypoleucus, Gould, B. of Austr. vii. pi. 68 (1848). 



Carlo fucosus, Peale, U. S. Expl. Exp. Birds, p. 268 (1848). 



Hypoleucus varius, Reich. Syst. Av. p. vii (1852). 



Carlo leucogaster, Cass. U. S. Expl. Exp. p. 373 (1858). 



Graculus varius, Gray, Ibis, 1862, p. 251. 



Graculus leucogaster, Gray, Hand-1. of B. iii. p. 128 (1871). 



Native name. — Karuhiruhi. 



Ad. pileo colloque toto, dorso postico cum uropygio et supracaudalibus sordide indigotico-nigris : inter- 

 scapulio, scapularibus et tectvicibus alarum saturate cinerascentibus, plumis omnibus anguste viridi- 

 nigro marginatis : remigibus bruuneis, extus cinerascentibus, secundariis interioribus cinerascentibus 

 externe viridi-nigro marginatis : cauda nigr& : loris nudis bete aurantiacis : facie laterali tota et corpore 

 subtus albis, pectoris lateribus et hypochondriis imis tibiisque indigotico-nigris : subalaribus brunneis 

 viridi lavatis : rostro saturate corneo, versus apicem et ad basin mandibular pallidiore : pedibus nigris : 

 iride pallide thalassino-viridi : regione ophthalrnica, nuda lsete indigotica. 



Juv. similis adulto, sed corpore subtiis et collo laterali brunnescenti-nigro variis. 



Adult. Top of the bead, back of the neck, lower part of back, rump, flanks, and thighs shiniug greenish 

 black ; shoulders, mantle, scapulars, and upper wing-coverts deep bronzy grey, each feather bordered 

 with velvety black ; quills and tail-feathers black, with polished shafts ; under surface of wings black, 

 slightly glossed with green ; sides of face, throat, front and sides of neck, and all the under surface pure 

 white. Iridcs pale sea-green ; bare space in front of the eyes bright orange ; eyelids and naked skin 

 below rich indigo-blue ; bill dark horn-colour, paler at the tips and towards the base of lower mandible ; 

 legs and feet black. Total length 33"5 inches; wing, from flexure, 12 - 25; tail 6; bill, along the 

 ridge 3, along the edge of lower mandible 4; tarsus 2 - 5 ; middle toe and claw 3'75. 



Young. Similar to the adult, but mottled with brownish black on the front and sides of the neck, and on 

 the underparts of the body. 



Obs. The sexes are precisely alike in plumage. 



