OAs GE Relies yAr3; 5 
19. Browner, the streaks of upper parts narrower and more brownish 
OUAD IU UOTE GATILON ELS OOLY NEY 0101 aan et Ye 2 OO BRACHYDACTYLA ALTICOLA. 
— Less brownish, the streaks of upper parts more purely white, 
broader, on a clearer blackish ground. . . . . . . . 27. C. BRACHYDACTYLA ALBESCENS. 
20. General colour above paler, with dark ground colour decidedly brown 
and with light stripes more abruptly contrasted. Bill generally 
lone a on -  erii (UO peametonms) - 
— General colour above darker, with ground colour more sooty and 
with light stripes less abruptly contrasted. Bill generally shorter. 
Outer web of fourth primary always with a more or less well- 
marked buff spot . 25. (American forms). 
. Fourth primary always with a more ov less well: | defined buf «pot 
Onmoutcyace Ot a a afl vase eee ees.) ea coe eel oo 
— Fourth primary with outer web uniform bei without a bef spor See espa sen anne Ae eS ee er yi ne MeO 
22. Paley, with ground colour of upper parts more greyish brown, and 
rump of aclearer tobacco fulvous . . . >. . . | 7. ©. BRACHYDACTYLA BRACHYDACTYEA- 
— Darker, with ground colour of upper parts en brown, and rump 
ofa darker, wupfescent byown, =. 2.» - | - | - 4 10. © BRACHYDACTYLA ULTRAMONDANA™ 
23. Browner, with ground colour of upper parts deep vufous brown, 
the pale markings abruptly defined, the rump nearly chestnut. 
Abdomen dingy buffish, flanks rufescent . . . . . . . 21. C, BRACHYDACTYLA HARTERTI. 
— Darker, more sooty, with ground colour of upper parts deep brown, 
nearly blackish; rump, however, paler, rufescent brown. Under 
parts pure white, flanks only tinged with greyish or rufescent 
DRO U0 i Me IE AY I ae ES AE PRA SE ona delat Va oy wae haha slay ns ge See Sa PR 
24. Upper tail coverts light fulvous brown like tail. Flanks strongly 
washed with rusty brown . . . . . . . . . 19, ©. BRACHYDACTYLA MAURITANICA. 
— Upper tail coverts greyish brown like tail. Flanks washed with 
BUCS? WOR 5 5 5 6 6 3 © 60 0 3 0 9 6 6 AG) Co BRACEMDATIMILA DOROMEIDZ, 
25. Larger : wing averaging more than 65 mm. in male, more than 
ERO SD CALAN a fe eee a a a ARP CeeE En eighteen Nag Se ink = Go) Pliocene. 6.) 2So 
— Smaller : wing avevaging less than 64 mm. in male, less than 
ONO E AI VOTEI ULL El ne We aoe ty, SREY IS is Vols no LS RS eit em mC RE a E2775 
26. Browner above, with streaks more buffy, and less purely white 
beneath ; bill shorter, averaging in male r4, in female 13 mm. 22. C. BRACHYDACTYLA AMERICANA. 
— Less brownish above, with streaks purer oy more greyish white, and 
more purely white beneath ; bill longer, averaging in male 16,5, 
Un AU HS TR on a lg Ade Gy WRACHHNDACINGLA MONMMANIA 
27. Less tawny above, purer white beneath; larger : wing averaging in 
TAH OS UP WALL OOS) Wo 6 6 6 5 0 0 © 0 9 Milo Co WRYNCEbayNGmVauA ZiDiLORNIS, 
— More tawny above, more buffy white below ; smaller : wing averaging 
im male 62, im female Commi 2) C BRAGCHYDACTYIANOCCIDEN TALIS: 
1. Certhia familiaris familiaris Linneus. (Plate, Figs. 1, la, 1b.) 
Certhia familiaris Linnzus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 118 (1758) (Europa. We fix Sweden as type-locality : ex Faun. 
Suec, no. 213). 
Motacilla scolopacina Strom, N. Saml. Norske Selsk. Skr. Vol. 2, p. 367 tab. (1788) (Norway). 
