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PASSERES 
18. Parus major cinereus Vieillot. 
19. 
Parus cinereus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. Vol. 20, p. 316 (1818) (Batavia, Java). 
Parus atriceps Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 13, p. 160 (1821) (Java). 
Parus albigena Wilkes, Encycl. Lond. Vol. 18, p. 727 (1821) (based on Levaillant, Ois d’Afr. Vol. 3, t. 139, fig. 
sup. |= f. 1]: S. Africa, errore!). 
Parus nipalensis Hodgson, Ind. Review, Vol. 1, p. 31 (1837) (Nepal). 
Parus cinereus (P. caesius Tickell MS.) Jerdon, Birds India, Vol. 2, p. 278 (1863) (India generally). 
Fig. Temminck, Pl. Col, t. 287, f. 2. 
Hab. Himalayas, from Simla to Bhutan, Assam, Western Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Greater and 
Lesser Sunda Islands, east to Flores and Alor. 
Parus major hainanus Hartert. 
Parus major hainanus Hartert, Novit. Zool. Vol. 12, p. 499 (1905) (Hainan). 
Hab. Island of Hainan. 
Parus major sarawacensis H. Slater. 
20. 
Parus cinerascens (nec Vieillot 1818) H. Slater, The Ibis (5), Vol. 3, p. 122, pl. 4 (1885) (Bungal Hills, near 
Sarawak, N. Borneo). 
Parus savawacensis H. Slater, ibidem, p. 327 (1885) (nom. emend.). 
Hab. Sarawak, North Borneo : Bungal Hills. 
21. Parus major minor Temminck « Schlegel. 
Paryus minoy Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japon. Aves, p 70, t. 33 (1848) (« Japon »), 
Parus major artatus, Thayer & Bangs, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll., Vol. 52, p. 140 (1909) (Ichang, 
Hupeh, China) 1). 
Hab. South-east Siberia (Ussuri, Amoorland), North China (southwards to the valley of the Yangtse 
kiang and Shanghai), Manchooria, and North Japan (Yezo, Hondo, Kiu-siu). 
22. Parus major commixtus Swinhoe. 
Parus commixtus Swinhoe, The Ibis (new ser.), Vol. 4, p. 63 (1868) (Amoy, South China). 
Hab. Southern China, west to Upper Burma and Eastern Tenasserim. 
23. Parus major tibetanus Hartert. 
Parus major tibetanus Hartert, Vg. palaarkt. Fauna, Lief. 3, p. 346 (1905) (Chaksam, Tsongpo-valley, Tibet). 
Hab. Southern Tibet (Gyantse, Chaksam, Lhasa). 
24. Parus major okinawe Hartert. 
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26. 
No 
7 
Parus major okinawae Hartert, Vog. palaarkt. Fauna, Lief. 3, p. 346 (1905) (Okinawa-shima, Loo-choo Islands). 
Hab. Okinawa Island, northern group of the Loo-choo Islands. 
. Parus nigriloris Hellmayr. (Pl. 1, Fig. 7.) 
Parus nigrilorvis Hellmayr, Ornith. Monatsber. Vol. 8, p. 139 (1900) (Ishigaki, southern Loo-choo Islands). 
Parus stejnegeri Bangs, Bull. Mus, Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. Vol. 36, p. 267 (1901) (Ishigaki). 
Hab. Ishigaki Island. southern group of the Loo-choo Islands. 
Parus afer afer Gmelin. 
Parus afer Gmelin, Syst. Nat. Vol. 1, 1, p. 1010 (1789) (based upon « Black-Breasted Titmouse », Latham, Gen. 
Syn. Birds Vol. 2, u, p. 539 : «ad caput bone spei »). 
Parus fuscus Viellot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. Vol. 20, p. 309 (1818) (based on Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr. Vol. 3, 
@ pl. 139, f. 2 [inf.| : « dans les environs du Cap » 2). 
Fig. Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr. Vol 3, pl. 130, f. 2 (inf.). 
Hab. South Africa : southern Cape Colony (Capetown, Deelfontein etc.). 
. Parus afer cinerascens Vieillot. 
Parus cinerascens Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. Vol. 20, p. 316 (1818) (based on Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr, Vol. 3, 
pl. 138 : « dans les mimosas du Candeboo »). 
1) I cannot find any constant difference between birds from Ussuri and Japan on one side, and those from Central 
China (Ichang, Shasi. Itu on the Yangtsze; Ningpo near Shanghai) on the other. 
2) Vieillot (loc. cit.) erroneously quotes pl. 134, f. 1, where Axthoscopus m. minutus is represented, but his description 
(les plumes « du dessus du corps et des ailes d’un brun terreux ») leaves no doubt that he intended to name the lower figure 
of plate 139. 

