FAM. PARIDA® 23 
Parus variegatus Wilkes, Encycl. Lond. Vol. 18, p. 726 (1821) (based on Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr. pl. 138; cfr. Cassin, 
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. Dec. 1867, p. 221). 
Parus afer intermedius 1) (nec P. bocharensis var. intermedius Sarudny 1890) Shelley, Birds Afr. Vol. 2, p. 241 (1900) 
(Potchefstroom, Transvaal). 
Parus afer damarensis Reichenow, Ornith. Monatsber. Vol. 10, p. 77 (1902) (Damaraland). 
Fig. Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr. Vol. 3, pl. 138. 
Hab. South-western (Benguella, Damaraland) and South-ea:tern Africa (Oranje Colony, Transvaal ; pro- 
bably also in Lourenco Marques; Natal ?). 
28. Parus afer parvirostris Shelley. 
Parus afer parvirostris Shelley, Birds Africa, Vol. 2, p. 241 (1900) (Salisbury, Mashonaland). 
Hab. South Central Africa : Rhodesia (Salisbury, Ndola, Melsetter) and southern part of British Central 
Africa (Katanga on the lower Shiré River, south of Lake Nyasa). 
29. Parus afer thruppi Shelley. 
Pavus thruppi Shelley, The Ibis (5), Vol. 3, p. 406, pl. 11, f. 2 (1885) (Plateau of northern Somaliland, south of 
Berbera). 
Hab. Northern and Central Somaliland, southern limits not exactly known. 
3o. Parus afer barake Jackson. 
Parus bavakae Jackson, The Ibis (7), Vol. 5, p. 639 (1899) (Njemps, British East Africa). 
Hab. British East Africa (Njemps near Lake Baringo) and northern German East Africa (plains of 
WWilima Ndjaro: Taweta, Kahe, Taro}. 
31. Parus griseiventris Reichenow. 
2 Parus griserventyis Reichenow, Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 30, p. 210 (1882) (Kakoma). 
Parus gilviventris (lapsu) Bohm, ibidem, Vol. 31, p. 207 (1883) (Kakoma). 
Fig. Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 34, 1886, pl. 2. 
Hab. German East Africa : only known from Kakoma in southern Unjamwezi. 
32. Parus niger niger Vieillot. 
Parus niger Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. Vol. 20, p. 325 (1818) (based on Levaillant, Ois. d’Afr. Vol 3, 
pl. 137 [@ 2]: «sur les bords des riviéres Sondag, Swartekop et dans le pays des Caffres» i. e. South-eastern 
Africa). 
Pavus leucopterus Swainson, Birds West. Afr. Vol. 2, p. 42 (1837) (part. : new name for. P. niger Vieillot with 
which the author erreneously unites the birds from « Senegal »), 
Parus luctuosus Lichtenstein, Nomencl. Avium Mus. Berol. p. 36 (1854) (nom. nud.). 
Parus xanthostomus Shelley, Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club, Vol. 1, p. 6 (1892) («in terra Zambesiana »; = juv.). 
Parus filleborni Reichenow, Ornith. Monatsber. Vol. 8, p. 5 (1900) (Undis, Nyasaland; — 9). 
Fig. Levaillant, Ois. d'Afr. Vol. 3, pl. 137 (6 2); Shelley, Birds Afr. Vol. 2, pl. ro, f. x (juv.). 
Hab. South Africa, northward as far as the Cunene, in the west, and Pangani River (Useguha), in 
the east 2). 
33. Parus niger insignis Cabanis. 
Parus (Pentheres) insignis Cabanis, Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 28, p. 419 (1880) (Angola). 
Hab. South-west and Central Africa: from Angola east to Nyasaland and to west shore of Lake Tanganyika. 
34. Parus niger guineensis Shelley. 
Parus guineensis Shelley, Birds Africa Vol. 2, p. 229 (1900) (West Africa). 
Hab. Western Africa : from Senegal to the Niger. 
35. Parus niger leucomelas Riippell. 
Parus leucomelas Riippell, Neue Wirbelthiere, Vog. p. 100, pl. 37, f. 2 (1835) (Laranta Mountains, Temben, 
Abyssinia). 
1) According to Prof. Neumann (in litt.) scarcely distinguishable from Damaraland specimens by its slightly darker 
grey back. If separable it would require a new name. 
2) Very likely two races can be distinguished: one, the true P. 7. niger, inhabiting South and S. E. Africa, and 
another undescribed in Damaraland. P. wxanthostomus (type in Brit. Mus. examined) and P. fiilleborni (fide Neumann in 
litt.) are certainly nothing but youngish females of P. x. niger. 
