38 PASSERES 
Parus sitchensts Kittlitz, in Lutkeé’s Voy. Le Seniavine, p. 268 in text (1836) (Sitka, Alaska; nom. nud.). 
Fig. Audubon, Ornith. Biogr. Vol. 4, 1838, pl. 353. 
Hab. Pacific Coast District, from North California to Sitka, Alaska; east to Montana (Great Falls). 
167. Parus rufescens vivax J. Grinnell. 
Penthestes rufescens vivax J. Grinnell, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. Vol. 5, p. 414 (1910) (Prince William Sound, Alaska). 
Hab. Prince William Sound District, Alaska. 
168, Parus rufescens neglectus Ridgway 1). 
Parus rvufescens 6. neglectus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus, Vol. 1, p. 485 (1879) (Nicasio, Marin Co., California). 
Hab. Marin County, California. 
16g. Parus rufescens barlowi |. Grinnell 1). 
Pavus vufescens barlowi J. Grinnell, Condor, Vol. 2, p. 127 (1900) (Stevens Creek Canon, Santa Clara Co., California). 
Hab. Middle coast district of California, south of San Francisco Bay to past Monterey. 
2. GENUS PENTHORNIS HELLMAyYR 
Penthornis Hellmayr. Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 49, p. 170 (1gor) (sp. typ. : Melanipavus semilarvatus 
Salvadori). 
Characters. Bill rather longer than in the members of the genus Paras, though not 
unlike in shape; culmen more abruptly curved in terminal portion, somewhat broadened at 
base, conspicuously uncinate; gonys nearly straight, at extreme tip only slightly ascending, 
Nostrils lateral, small, roundish, entirely hidden by the dense antrorse, latero-frontal plumules, 
Wing longer than in Parus and less rounded at tip, when folded, reaching over two-thirds ot 
tail; third, fourth and fifth primaries longest; first primary a little less than half as long as 
second, Tail nearly square, much shorter than wing. Tarsus robust; acrotarsium covered in 
front with distinct scutes. Proportion of toes etc, as in Parus. Wing 70-80, tail 46-60, tarsus 
15-17, bill 8-11 mm. 
Coloration. Black and white. Forehead and lores white or buffy white. All the other 
plumage black, wings and tail duller than the rest. Sexes not much different. In the male the 
black portions of the plumage are strongly glossed with bluish, while the female is dull blackish 
brown below, Females and young birds with a more or less distinct whitish nuchal patch, half 
concealed by the dusky tips of the feathers. Bill black. 
Geographical Distribution. Philippine Islands. Two species. 
Habits and Nidification unknown. 
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PENTHORNIS 
1. With a white alary speculum. Larger : wing 80, tail60 mm. . . . . . . . . 2. P. YESSACOURBE. 
— No white alar speculum. Smaller : wing 70-74, tail 46-50 mm. . . . . . . . I. P. SEMILARVATUS. 
1. Penthornis semilarvatus (Salvadori). (PI. 1, Fig. 1.) 
Melaniparus semilarvatus Salvadori, Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat. Vol. 8, 1865, p. 375 (1866) (« Himalayas », errore!). 
Fig. The Ibis (4), Vol. 3, 1879, pl. o. 
Hab. Philippine Island : Luzon 
1) See footnote on page 37. 
