PAM. PARIDZS AT 
— Upper back mostly grey, though sometimes more ov lessmuxed withblack . . . . . . . .. =. ~~. Y2,z 
8. Head above uniform white without dusky stripes on sides of crown . 1. A. CAUDATUS CAUDATUS. 
— Head not uniform white, there being always more oy less well-marked 
brown or black stripes along sides of crown, though sometimes 
merely indicated by some brownish or blackish spots above the eye 
ILGHONESTL CSO; MOCCUD Ui tea 1 pertts army se tice SS ie, Na cee 
g. Black crown-stvipes broad, conducted on to the base of the bill; forehead 
and broad stripe along middle of crown and occiput pure white. 
No dusky spots on chest. Wing 58-62mm. . . . . . . . 6. A. CAUDATUS TRIVIRGATUS. 
— Brown or black crown-strifes reaching not much beyond anterior angle 
of eye. Chest with a vow of distinct dusky oy bvown spots . . . . . 1... . «| Soe Se TOr 
10. Lateral interscapular feathers uniform rosy .  anestsne 
— Lateyal interscapulay feathers mixed with ashy grey. . . . . . 4. A. CAUDATUS TAURICUS I). 
11. Wing longer : 62-67 mm. Stripes along sides of crown narrower, 
brown or black; median portion of crown purey white . . . . 2. A. CAUDATUS EUROPEUS. 
— Wang shorter : 58-62 mm. Stripes along sides of crown broader, 
always deep black; median portion of crown more restricted and 
OURORRIGs 27 o 9 6,2 6 9 2 0 a 6 «0 6 6 0 oy A, CAUIDATUS ROSS, 
MDE aLeVvalCnOW I =SthIp ESUOLACKi Ny penis. ts ews Nee) Gc oer uch en ay) peers) eS Co TES 
— Lateral crown-stripes pale brown . . . . ae 0 tfle 
13. Larger : wing of male 60-61, tatl 79-84 mm. Hindneck extensively 
black, contrasting with the pale ashy grey back and vump, Shoulders 
CORSHONOISSY TOS) 5 a 6 © 9s 2 6 8 60 6 5» 9 «o 56 So A, CAGIOAIUG TTALIVD. 
— Smaller : wing of male 57-58, tail 77-79 mm. Only a narrow blackish 
band across hindneck, not abruptly contrasting with dark grey back. 
Shoulders dark grey, without vosy tinge . . . . . . . . J. A. CAUDATUS IRBIT. 
tte ILTAgO? 8 CNG COWS We 5 2 = 6 os 6 2 6 90 6 4 5 oo HO ,VA, CAUIDAINUS WAIOR. 
SSH ICH MCO ICR O31 ON 71011) aren ero ae Sen C AUD ATU SISI GUISE 
1. Aegithalos caudatus caudatus (Linneus). (PI. 3, Fig. 9.) 
Pavus caudatus Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 190 (1758) (« Habitat in Europa »; we fix Sweden as type locality). 
Lanius biavmicus (nec Parus biaymicus Linnzus 1758) Linnzus, Fauna Suec., ed. 2, p. 29, t. 1, f. 84 (1761) (errore! 
part. : excl. cit. Albin & Edwards). 
Paroides pinetorum Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 243 (1855) (part. : «in einem grossen Teile von Europa »). 
Acredula macyura Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, Vol. 1, p. 487, in text (1883) («from St. Petersburg eastwards »). 
Acredula caudata sibirica Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 88 (1890) (« Central Siberia»). 
[Aegithalus caudatus] japonica Prazak, Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 45, p. 291 (1897) («im nordlichen Japan »). 
Acredula trivirgata magna Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 32, p. 475 (1907) (Seoul, Korea; = juv.). 
Fig. Dresser, Birds Europe. Vol. 3, pl. 104; Naumann, V6g. Deutschl. Vol. 4, t. 95, ff. 4-6. 
Hab. Northern- and Eastern Europe, Siberia, Corea, Northern Japan (Yezo; Iturup, Kuril Is].). In 
winter in Central Germany, Roumania, Austria and on the northern slopes of the Caucasus, some- 
times also in Hesse, Rhine province, Belgium and in the north of France. 
2. AZgithalos caudatus europzeus (Hermann). 
Pipya? europaea J. Hermann. Observ. Zoolog. p. 214 (1804) (Basel). 
Paroides longicaudus Brehm, Handb. Vog. Deutschl. p. 470 (1831) (part. : «im mittleren Deutschland »). 
Paroides pinetorum Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 243 (1855) (part. : «in einem grossen Teile von Europa »). 
Fig. Journ. f. Ornith. Vol. 34, 1886, pl. 16, Vol. 41, 1893, pl. 4. 
Hab. Southern- and Central Europe : North France, Belgium, Holland, Western Germany (Rhine 
province, eastwards to Hesse and Thuringia), Austria, Switzerland, Northern Italy, Hungary, 
Serbia, Bosnia, Bulgaria and Roumania. 
1) Unknown to the author. 
