56 PASSERES 
longer than the latter, but always less than half as long as second. Tail shorter than wing, 
even, emarginate or slightly rounded. Tarsus much longer than exposed culmen; acrotarsium 
distinctly scutellate; outer toe slightly longer than inner one; basal phalanx of middle toe 
adherent to outer toe for more than half of its length, to inner toe for its entire length; hallux 
about equal to inner toe, but much stouter; claw compressed, strongly arched with acute 
tip. Interorbital septum with a large central foramen. Plumage less soft and copious than in the 
Parinae and Psaltriparinae. 
Colorations variable (see genera). Sexes alike or little different, 
Geographical Distribution. Palaarctic, Nearctic, Indo-Malayan (one genus in Hima- 
laya) and Ethiopian Regions. 
Nidification. The nest, a bulky, globular or retort-shaped stucture of twigs ete., with 
entrance a small hole on one side, is placed among twigs of bushes and low trees. The eggs 
are either uniform white (Remisza, Anthoscopus), or pale greenish blue, speckled with reddish 
brown (Awriparus), or uniform dark blue (?) (Cephalopyrius). 
KEY TO THE GENERA OF REMIZINA= 
1. Nostrils large, exposed. Wing pointed; second primary nearly as long as third 
and fourth, which are the longest; first primary extremely small and narrow, 
scarcely half as long as primary coverts. Wing-tip much longer than tarsus. 
Tail about half as long as wing. Feathers of fore part of crown slightly length- 
ened and somewhat stiffened, forming a distinct, evect crest (Indian) . . . 14. Genus CEPHALOPYRUS. 
— Nostrils small, entirely concealed by antrorse, latero-frontal plumules. Wing 
rounded; second primary conspicuously shorter than third and fourth ; first 
primary always distinctly longer than primary coverts. Wing-tip very much 
shorter than tarsus. Tail much more than half as long as wing. Feathers of 
iS) 
fore part of crown not forming a crest. 
2. First primary reduced to a narrow, lanceolate feather, but little eae tip of 
primary coverts, Tail distinctly emarginate, about four-fifths of the wing 
(Palacarctte). 2 = Re ee Ee Genii cebasnitea 
— Furst primary well-developed, nearly half as long assecond. . . . . . |. . +» «© «© «© ss 6 + Ge 
3. Tail nearly as long as wing, slightly. rounded. Culmen slightly decurved termi- 
nally (Nearciic)). 2 5 = 2 & 4 = § = no ne ee dS) GenuSeAGRIPARCs: 
— Tail about threefifths of wing, distinctly emarginate. Culmen not decurved 
leymanally (Ethiopian) . . . . . . 5 6 o « © © eo ee eke, (Genus ANDHOSGORUS: 
11. GENUS REMIZA STEJNEGER 
Egithalus (nec 4githalos Hermann 1804!) Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 556 (part.). 
Remiza Stejneger, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 9, pp. 374, 387 (1886) (type : Parus pendulinus aeeecr) 
Remizus Prazak, in See Naumann's Vég. Mitteleur. Vol. 2, p. 240 (1897) (nom. emend.). 
Remiz Clark, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 32, p. 474 (1907) (apparently proposed as a substitute of 
Remiza eee 
