FAM. GRUIDA® 
B. Crown of head feathered. 
c. The head wholly feathered. 
0 
c’. Ears-coverts vepresented by moderately lengthened feathers . . . 5. Genus TETRAPTERYX. 
d'. Ears-coverts represented by a very long tuft of silky feathers. . . 6. Genus ANTHROPOIDES. 
d. The head with a naked region. 
e'. The naked region confined at the base of the bill . 
om ~I 
f'. The naked region extending behind the ears 
1. GENUS GRUS PALLAS 
Grus Pallas, Miscell. Zool. pp. 66-67 (1766). 
Synonym : Megalornis Gray, List Gen. Birds (2. ed.), p. 85 (1841). 
Type : Grus grus gyrus (Linnzeus). 
. Genus BUGERANUS. 
. Genus PsEUDOGERANUS. 
Characters. Crown of head bare, Ears-coverts feathered and the cheeks feathered like 
them. Inner secondaries falecated and pointed, not much produced and consisting of more or 
less decomposed feathers. General colour grey or white. 
Geographical Distribution. Europe. Northern Asia with China, Northern India and 
Japan. Northern Africa, Northern America from Alaska to Mexico inclusive. 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES 
A. Tail grey with ov without the terminal part blackish. 
a. Throat grey’. 
a’. General colour dark ashy grey including the inney secondaries . 1. G. GRUS GRUS. 
b!. General colour pearly grey, the inner secondaries lighter . . 2. G. GRUS LILFORDI. 
b. Throat white. 
c!. Upper part of the neck grey. 
al’. Smaller. Tarsus not more than 22cm . . . . 
. G. CANADENSIS CANADENSIS. 
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b!’. Larger. Tarsus more than 25cm. . . . . . . 4. G. CANADENSIS MEXICANA. 
5 
d!. Upper part ofthe neck white . . . . . . G. MONACHUS. 
BiarlGlAGhis a rn 6. G. NIGRICOLLIS. 
C. Tail pure white . 7. G. JAPONENSIS. 
1. Grus grus grus (Linnus) (Plate 1, Fig. 1-3). Europe, N. and N. E. 
Ardea gyrus Linnzus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. 1, p. 141 (1758). ee 
Grus communis Bechstein, Naturg. Deutschl. Vol. 3, p. 60 (1793). 
Gyrus cinerea Meyer & Wolf, Taschenb. Vol. 2, p. 350 (1810). 
Grus vulgaris Pallas (part.), Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. Vol 2, p. 106 (1811). 
Megaloruts grus Gray. List Gen. Birds, ed. 1, p. 85 (1841). 
Grus communts Tegetmeier & Blyth, Nat. Hist. Cranes, p. 59 (1881). 
Grus svus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 250 (1894). 
Grus communis Blaauw (part.), Monoe. Cranes, p. 1, pl. 1 (1897). 
Grus gyus Sharpe, Hand-list Birds Vol. 1, p. 176 (1899). 
2. Grus grus lilfordi Sharpe. N. Asia to N. W. India 
Grus vulgaris Pallas (part.), Zoogr. Rosso Asiat. Vol. 2, p. 106 (1811). 
Grus longivosiris Blyth (nec Temm, & Schleg.), Birds Burm. p. 157 (1875). 
Grus communis var. orientalis Vexetmeier & Blyth (nec Irankl.), Nat. Hist. Cranes, 
p. 59 (1881). 
China and Hainan. 
