LIGHENES EXTRA-EUROP/ËI. 113 



(in herb. Bory de Saint- Vincent usque 20 cent.); supra cinereo-pruinosus, ad peripheriam 

 non raro pruina denudatus, minutissime punctulatus, aliquando in centre- rugosus, rugis 

 irregularibus et sat elevatis, ubique crebre pustulatus et glomerulis isidiosis, fuligineis 

 et usque ad 5 mm. latis sœpe ornatus ; intus albidus et CaCl rubens ; subtus brunneo- 

 nigrescens, subtiliter areolato-rimulosus. Cortex superior 40 jx latus, corpusculisrepletus 

 et superne parum obscuratus, pseudoparenchymaticus; in eo hyplise superfleiei perpen- 

 diculares, constricte septatee et cellulas 4-8 [x latas, rotundas vel angulato-oblongas, 

 pariete parum crasso et lumine testaceo formantes. Gonidia 8-11 [x lata in strato conti- 

 nuo sub cortice sita. Hyphte gonidiales 4-8 [x erassse,laxe implexœ et materia albida CaCl 

 rubente teclse. Medulla albida ex hyphis superfleiei parallelis, in parte infera septatis et 

 strictius eoalitis constituta. Cortex inferior 20-40 [X latus, dentatus, obscure brunneus et 

 pseudoparenchymaticus; sub pustulis 5-6 jx tantum latus, niger et unicam vel duplicem 

 cellularum seriem pra^bens. Apothecia 1-3 mm. lata, elevata, supra thallum dispersa, 

 subrotunda, excipulo nigro etlœvi, margine primum prominulo et scabrido atque demum 

 excluso et disco nigro, in centro saepius breviter sulcato, prœdita. Excipuli cortex 60-120 [x 

 latus, albidus et in zona exteriore nigricans, pseudoparenchymaticus; nulla gonidia; 

 epithecium crassum et nigrum ; hypothecium leviter fuscescens ; sub illo medulla ex 

 hyphis superficiel parallelis et ramosis sa?pe nigricantibus et laxe implexis constans; 

 paraphyses 100 fx altae, 2 ;x crassae, articulala?, raro ramosa?, apice incrassatse et 3-5 a 

 metientes. Sporœ unicœ in thecis, murali-divisce, divisionibus minutis, primum liyalinae 

 et demum fusco-nigricantes, 52-70 fx longœ et 28-36 p. lata?, immixtis magis ellipsoideis 

 44-45 jx longis et 28-30 a latis. GelaLina hymenialis iodo leviter cœrulescens et mox vinose 

 rubens. Spcrmog-onia nigra in thallo prfesertim peripheriam versus dispersa, concep- 

 taculo nigro ; spermatia cylindrica, recta, 3-4 ;x longa et 1 ;x lata, apicibus obtusis ; ste- 

 rigmata articulata, 15-20 ;x longa et 4 jx lata. 



In speciminibus europteis, sive in Vogesis, sive in Gallia centrali lectis nota; anatomicœ 

 conveniunt, sed paraphyses in Vogeso 2,5 ix crassae. 



Viget insuper in Africa (ins. Madera) ; in Araerica septentrionali atque tropica (republica Mexi- 

 cana) et in Europa. 



— Var. papulosa Nyl. Synops. Lic/i. II, p. 5, Linds. Mem. Spermog. filament. Lich. 

 p. 184, tab. IX, fig. 26-27, Tuck. Synops. Norlh Americ. Lich. I, p. 90 et Lich. Americ. 

 septenlr. exsicc. n. 141, Arn. Lich. e.rsicc. (1894) p. 18, n. H04 [U.pensylvanica in sche- 

 dula) ; Gyrophora papulosa Ach. Lichenoyr. unir. p. 226 et Synops. Lich. p. 67 ; G.pus- 

 lulata var. papulosa Tuck. Synops. Lich. New Engl. p. 70; Umbilicaria papulosaNyl. 

 apud Rue Lich. exot. n. 1017; U. pensyleanica Zw. Lich. exol. n. 894. 



In America : in Ohio ad saxa legit Lesquereux n. 319. 



A forma genuina differt thallo ssepe magis nigrescente, minus et vulgo in centro tan- 

 tum cinerascente atque crebrius pustulato, subtus minus obscuro et apotheciis minus 

 elevatis, magis et sœpe gyrose sulcatis, in exsicc. Tuck. n. 141 fréquenter pluribus aggre- 

 gatis atque tandem sporis majoribus 72-80 [x longis et 35-44 jx latis. Thallus 3-5, et in 

 exsicc. Tuck. 10 cent, latus; apothecia 0,5-1 mm. lata. Cunctœ alise notœ tum externa? tum 

 inlernse cum his forma; typica; conveniunt; animadvertendum tamen corticem inferiorem 

 minus perfecte pseudoparenchymaticum, nampassim ex hyphis superfleiei parallelis cel- 

 lulas oblongas lumine testaceo 4-5 (x lato, apice truncatas prœbentibus, constat. 



Viget insuper in Asia (in montibus Himalaya); in Africa (promontorio Bonté Spei) ; in America 

 borea et etiam in tropica (republica Mexicana et Peruvia). 



373. Umbilicaria pensylvanica Hoffm. Plan/, lichenos. t. III, fasc. IV (1801), p. 5, 

 tab. LXIX, fig. 1 et 2, Nyl. apud Hue Lich. exol. n. 1019, Tuck. Synops. North Americ 

 Nouvelles Archives du Muséum, 4 e série. — II. 15 



