LIGHENES EXTRA-EUROPiEI. 119 



Viget etiam m Asia borea, in Japonia et in monlibus Himalaya; in America septentrionali et 

 in republica Mexicana; in Europa. 



380. Umbilicaria Muhlenbergii Tuck. Synops. Lich. New England (1848) p. 74, 

 Synops. North Americ. Lich. I, p. 86 et Lich. Americ. septentr. exsicc. n. 144, Nyl. 

 Synops. Lich. II, p. 15 et tab. IX, fig. 11, Wain. Lich. Sibir. merid. p. 2; GyropJiora 

 Muhlenbergii Ach. Lichenogr. univ, p. 227 et Synops. Lich. p. 67, Nyl. apud Hue Lich. 

 exot. n. 1042, Zw. Lich. exsicc. n. 893 et Arn. Lich. exsicc. n. 1103. 



In America septentrionali : prope lacum Superiorem supra saxa legit Lesquereux, 

 n. 320. 



Thallus olivaceo-brunnescens et passim nigricans, monophyllus, orbicularis, 5-10 et 

 etiam 15 cent, (in exempl. a Michaux collectum in herb. Musei parisiensis) latus, rigidus, 

 supra laevis, applanatus vel passim profunde lacunosus, lacunis magnis a centre- in peri- 

 pheriam descendentibus, in peripheria integer vel late lobatus, raro lobis e centro ad 

 peripheriam radianlibus et tune multum concavis ; intus albidus et CaCl rubens; 

 subtus niger et in tota amplitudine lamellis parvis et superficie areolatis, inter se trabe- 

 culatim junctis (inde inter ea foramina numerosa) atque eodem modo cortici inferiori 

 affixis ornatus. Cortex superior 10-20 latus, albidus et superne anguste brunneus, pseu- 

 doparenchymaticus, cellulas parvas, lumine sat magno prsebens. Gonidia 8-10 ;;. lata in 

 strato inœquali et interrupto sub cortice superiore vigentia atque materia albida CaCl 

 rubente simul cum hyphis gonidialibus tecta. Hyphse gonidiales stricte coadunatœ et a 

 medulla non distinctœ. Medulla sat crassa (tota thalli crassitudo absque lamellis, 0,3 mm.) 

 ex hyphis superficiel parallelis et perpendicularibus, strictissime coalilis constans. Cortex 

 inferior 40 p. latus, nigrescens atque ex hyphis septatis ramosisque, ramis anastomosan- 

 tibus constitutus. Lamellœ eodem modo ac medulla formata? cum duplici cortice nigres- 

 cente 20 ;j. lato. Apothecia 3-9 mm. lata, nigra, multum et profunde gyrose sulcata 

 atque margine circumdante destituta. Sporœ 12-13 p. longse et 4,5-5 ^ lata::, Nyl. Synops. 

 Lich. I, p. 14. 



In Asia (Sibiria) et frequens in America borea. 



381. Umbilicaria polyphylla Schrad. Spicil. Flor. German. (1794) p. 102, Hoffm. 

 Deulschl. Flora II (1795)p. 109, Plant. lichinos. III (180l)tab. L1X, fig. 14, Linds. Mem. 

 Spermog. filament. Lich. p. 185, tab. IX, fig. 6-7, Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 119 et Synops. Lich. 

 II, p. 18, tab. IX, fig. 14, Rabenh. Kryptog. -Flora von Sachsen, etc., Flechten, p. 259 cum 

 icône, Tuck. Synops. North Americ. Lich. I, p. 85; Lichen polyphyllus L. Spcc. Plan/. 

 (1753) p. 1150; Gyrophora polyphylla Turn. et Borr. Lichenogr. Brit. (1813) p. 214, Nyl. 

 apud Hue Lich. exot.n. 1049; Lichen glaber Westr. in Veter. Akad.Handl. (1793) p. 48; 

 Gyrophora glabra Ach. Method. Lich. p. 101 et Synops. Lich. p. 63 ; Umbilicaria glabra 

 DC. Flore fr. II (1815) p. 412; Umbilicaria varia a j>olyp1iylla Leight. Brit. Umbilic. 

 (1856) p. 6; Gyrophora polyphylla a glabra Th. Fr. Lichenogr. scand. p. 163; Umbili- 

 caria œnea a glabra Schser. Lich. Helvel. exsicc. n. 149, U. glabra var. polyphylla Malbr. 

 Lich. Norm. n. 229; Gyrophora polyphylla (L.) Hepp Flecht. Europ. n.717; Arn. Lich. 

 exsicc. n. 1154, Norrl. Herb. Lich. Fenn. n. 92 et Harm. Lich. Lothar. n. 414; G. poly- 

 nhylla var. glabra Flag. Lich. Franche-Comté n. 81. 



In Asia : in Japonia, in ins. Nippon saxicolam legit R. P. Faurie in Sidesan, n ls 832 

 pr. p., 839, 859 pr. p. et 863 pr. p., 31 augusti 1898. 



Thallus obscure olivaceus vel olivaceo-fuscescens, opacus, polyphyllus, foliis 4-10 mm. 

 latis, dense intricatis et plagulas 2-4 cent, latas formanlibus, margine non raro subtus 

 recurvis,C3eterum in sicco applanatis, sed in statu vegetalivo apice paulum ascendentibus, 

 superficiel la.'vibus, planis vel passim lacunosis; intus albidis et CaCl rubenlibus; subtus 



