324 Transactions South African Philosoijliical Society, [vol. xii. 



quadrate or somewhat ampliato-ovate, apical one planted into the 

 outer angle of the second when this one is obliquely truncate and 

 dilated inwardly, or in the centre in most cases, this apical joint 

 varies in length, but it is always slender, and either sub-fusiform or 

 cylindrical ; maxillary palpi as in Heliocoijris ; head semicircular, 

 much wider than long, genae separated by a distinct suture from the 

 clypeus, eyes showing much less in the upper than on the under side, 

 and deeply divided by the genae, the latter in a line laterally with 

 the clypeus ; antennae nine-jointed, club tri-jointed, the three joints 

 sericeous, opaque, first one not very concave ; prothorax broad, 

 convex ; elytra very convex, and sub-gibbose at middle along the 

 suture which is raised, they have eight striae on each side, the 

 outer one being carinate from the base to past a third of the length, 

 outer margin entire, epipleura distinct for half the length ; pygidium 

 triangular, rounded at tip, little or hardly convex ; metasternum 

 narrow in the centre, projecting as a more or less sharp triangle and 

 divided from the mesosternum at apex by a distinctly carinate line ; 

 mesosternum carinate longitudinally under the femora ; anterior legs 

 strongly tri-dentate outwardly, and with the inner part strongly 

 oblique and having a long inner spur, or truncate and having a strong 

 spine or acute tooth inwardly ; intermediate and posterior tibiae 

 generally bi-carinate on the upper side and bi-dentate, space between 

 the two carinae not grooved, or occasionally with the upper carina 

 of the posterior tibiae scarcely indicated. 



The genus is represented in Europe, India, China, Java, and 

 Africa. 



This genus can be split into two divisions. The first, which is 

 the most numerous, includes all the species the anterior tibiae of 

 which are obliquely truncate inwardly, with a non-spinose inner 

 angle, as well as having the median and posterior tibiae bi-carinate 

 transversely, and the second includes only a few species in which 

 this inner angle is produced in the male into a very distinct acute 

 tooth or sharply curved spine, and in which the upper inner carina 

 of the intermediate and posterior tibiae is obsolete. Among the species 

 included in this second division are two, C. anderssoni and C. opacus, 

 in which the apical spur is curved inwardly at tip almost at right 

 angles in the manner of many females of Ontliopliagi, and some 

 species of the genus Copris. 



The shape of the valves of the penis varies a little, but in most of 

 the species it is of the shape of the fig. 34, plate xxxix. (0. Jicros), but 

 that of 0. ulysses (plate xxxix., fig. 37), is somewhat distinct, and in 

 0. pylades, fig. 33, it is strikingly different. 



