116 Transactions South African Philosophical Society, [vol. xiii. 



and even completely obliterated, it never has any teeth inwardly ; 

 the inner lobe is always visible, which is not the case in the Sericincz 

 or Melolonthini, and is either sharp or equal in length to the upper 

 lobe, in which case it gives to the maxilla a tri-cornered appearance, 

 and even when the galea is quite obliterated it is represented by a 

 few more or less rigid setae. It is plain from the structure of the 

 maxillse, and also of the mandibles, that the males do not take much 

 solid food, or in many cases any at all, unless they have suctorial 

 habits. 



The maxillary palpi are either inserted laterally or on the outer 

 part of the mentum which is never plainly separated from the labial 

 or ligular part. It is, however, somewhat difficult to decide when 

 the insertion is lateral or not, because the condyle, which is often 

 very deep and wide, impinges often more on the edge of the outer 

 face than on the lateral side, this insertion may then be said to be 

 juxta-lateral, but it happens also that the basal labial joints are 

 inserted on the narrowed outer face in such a way that they are 

 either very close to each other or quite contiguous, this character 

 coincides with an extremely narrowed mentum. The number of 

 joints of these labial palpi is normally three, but in some cases 

 (Clitopa, Pseustophylla) the basal one has disappeared or is so deeply 

 buried in the condyle as to be invisible, or the second and third are 

 fused together (Apeiopsis), the condyle is very oblique, very broad, 

 and with such a carinate outer edge as to often form a sharp angle at 

 the junction of the mentum with the ligular part ; the labial palpi are 

 long, especially the apical one ; the clypeus is strongly vertical and 

 broad in the anterior part, the anterior margin is strongly reflexed, 

 and the upper anterior part often concave or depressed ; the frontal 

 part is either carinate laterally above the eyes, in which case this pecu- 

 liarity coincides with the presence of a transverse keel or prominence 

 on the vertex (Gyclomcra, Paraclitojpa, Pcriclitopa, Pscustojihylla) or 

 not ; the labrum is usually very distinct, but is obliterated in two 

 genera (Achelyna, Pleistoplnjlla) ; the eyes are always large and very 

 briefly divided in front by a short canthus, they show always less on 

 the upper than on the under side, where they are sometimes so 

 enormously enlarged that the mentum has been correspondingly 

 narrowed (Trichinojms, Pscudachloa, &c.) ; the antennae are 8-10- 

 jointed, in the male the joints of the club vary in number from 8 to 

 3, and in the females of the South African species known to me from 

 5 to 3, this club is always greatly developed in the male, being some- 

 times more than three times the length of the pedicel the two last 

 joints of which are generally compressed and acuminate or laminate, 

 and the basal joint is in the shape of an elongated club, only in one 



