448 Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 



the parasites cause death, but Dr. Bruce surmises that it may- 

 be done by the poisonous action of some substance elaborated 

 and producing a progressive hoemolysis and anaemia, leading 

 to a form of auto-intoxication. All the animals in which this 

 parasite exists are not known, but, judging from the number 

 of domestic animals in which it is fatal, it may be considered 

 as having a wide range, and may exist not only in the koodoo, 

 wildebeest, and other big game, but also in the rats, birds, 

 animals of prey, &c. Dr. Lingard pronounces the haematozoon 

 to be identical with the one producing the so-called "Sura" 

 disease in India, which affects horses and cattle. Further 

 investigations are now carried in London under the supervision, 

 I believe, of Professor Michael Foster. 



Dr. Bruce (page 5) makes a statement in answer to the 

 question, " Can the Tsetse Fly convey the disease from an 

 affected to a healthy animal," which may be open to discussion. 

 He says that "all blood-sucking flies are not capable of trans- 

 ferring the Fly Disease from affected to healthy animals," and 

 he suggests " that there may be some anatomical peculiarity 

 in the Tsetse which enables it to act as carrier, or there may 

 be some undiscovered fact in the life-history of the parasite 

 associating it with this particular species of fly." The genus 

 Glossina is represented in Australia, and yet the "Nagana," 

 or such similar disease, is unknown there. Dr. Bruce mentions 

 also that the number of Tsetse Flies in the Fly country is 

 in enormously greater number than any other species of 

 blood-sucking fly. He has discovered that the insect does not 

 lay eggs as the majority of Diptera do, but extrudes a larva 

 nearly as large as the abdomen of the mother, which creeps 

 about with a good deal of activity, and turns after a few hours 

 into a jet-black pupa. 



The author's conclusion of the use of arsenic treatment is that 

 it is quite useless as a prophylactic agent, but that it is useful 

 in prolonging life and usefulness in the Fly country after the 

 disease has begun. 



Neubopteea. 



Haviland, G. D., M.A., M.B., &c. " Observations on Termites 

 with Descriptions of New Species." Linnaean Society's Journal. 

 Zoology, vol. xxvi., No. 169, 1898, pp. 358-442, with 4 plates. 



