DUNKARD FORMATION 109 



JoUytown are present, and still farther west Doctor White's Aleppo sec- 

 tion shows the succession completely and the interval is 313 feet. But 

 southwardly the decrease is rapid, for in southern Center, a direct 

 measurement gives only 262 feet, and at a few miles farther, near the 

 West Virginia line, it is only 208. At Belton, in Marshall of West 

 Virginia, about 10 miles west from the last, the interval is 238. East- 

 ward the Nineveh limestone is exposed in no section south from the 

 northern tier of townships, but the Jollytown limestone seems to persist 

 and the interval to it from the Upper Washington is 145 feet at, say, 15 

 miles east from the Center measurement and the general conditions are 

 apparently as in Center; but in the southeastern part of the county the 

 interval between these limestones is less than 100 feet, showing a decrease 

 in that direction. 



No detailed sections are available in West Virginia until the Ohio 

 river is reached, where are the long sections by Professor Andrews and 

 Doctor White, which show the Nineveh limestone 368 to 380 feet above 

 the Washington coal bed. That interval at Belton, in Marshall county, 

 is 551 feet. Using the Jollytown coal bed for comparison, the interval 

 from the Upper Washington to the Nineveh is about 200 feet at New 

 Martinsburg, in Wetzel county, and apparently the same in Tyler county, 

 showing very gradual change in 40 miles southwestwardly. 



The changes are particularly in the lower half of the interval and 

 differ materially from those of the preceding intervals. That portion 

 lying between the Pish Creek sandstone and the Ten-mile limestone ap- 

 pears very abruptly as one approaches central Greene from the north ; its 

 greatest thickness is in a narrow east and west strip across the central 

 part of the county. Southwardly almost the whole interval between the 

 Upper Washington and the Jollytown limestones disappears, and ap- 

 parently it is almost wholly unrepresented southwestwardly in West Vir- 

 ginia. The contrast in conditions is almost as great as that between the 

 Conemaugh and Monongahela. 



The remaining beds of the Dunkard require only a brief reference, as 

 the area in which they have been recognized in detail is very small. 



The Nineveh coal bed (J. J. Stevenson, 1876) is double, seldom ex- 

 ceeds 2 feet, but, like the Dunkard, yields such good coal that it is mined 

 by stripping and possesses not a little of local importance. It is per- 

 sistent in southern Washington and Greene and in West Virginia to many 

 miles beyond the state line. It underlies the Nineveh sandstone (I. C. 

 White, 1891), which is persistent for at least 30 miles southwestward in 

 West Virginia. This is a massive rock, very similar to the Fish Creek 

 sandstone, overlying the Dunkard coal bed. 



IX — Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 18, 1906 



