116 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OV APPALACHIAN BASIN 



northernly exposure of that limestone. Witliin a mile and a half toward 

 the west the interval between the Washington and Waynesburg coal beds 

 is reduced to 50 feet, and that from the Upper Washington limestone 

 to the lower coal cannot be more than 160 feet. The Lower Washing- 

 ton limestone is 8 feet thick and the interval between the Washington 

 coal and the Colvin limestone varies from 20 to 6 feet, the least interval 

 being at the last northward exposure. Southwardly the intervals in- 

 crease along the western border, and in southern Independence they be- 

 come 158 and 100 feet. The Blacksville limestone is 20 to 30 feet 

 thick in Cross Creek and Independence townships, where a massive sand- 

 stone underlies, the Upper Washington. The Middle Washington lime- 

 stone appears abruptly in Independence with a thickness of 20 feet, and 

 there also one sees for the first time the Franklin limestone, 35 feet 

 below the Upper Washington and directly underlying the Canton coal 

 bed. The conditions are much the same in Hopewell east from Inde- 

 pendence, where the limestones are present and thick, except the Colvin 

 and Franklin. The Waynesburg sandstone is massive, but it has not 

 cut away the Cassville shale, which carries some limestone here, as 

 almost everywhere on this side of the county. 



A thin coal bed marking the Boyd horizon was seen just above the 

 Upper Washington limestone in Smith, but not in the other townships 

 named, where only black shale was seen. The Jollytown coal bed appears 

 first in Hopewell and Independence, w^here it is about 20 feet below 

 the Franklin limestone. The Washington coal bed, 4 feet to 5 feet 

 6 inches thick and multiple, is 109 feet above the Waynesburg in south- 

 ern Hopewell. The Waynesburg A, not seen in the townships along the 

 West Virginia line, makes its appearance in Hopewell at 40 feet below 

 the Washington.* 



Farther east, in North Strabane, the Upper Washington limestone is 

 145 to 160 feet above the Washington coal bed, which is 110 to 120 

 feet above the Waynesburg, the intervals increasing southwardly. The 

 Canton coal bed, very thin, seems to be continuous at 12 feet below the 

 Upper Washington. The interval from the Canton coal to the Blacks- 

 ville limestone is usually concealed here, as well as in Nottingham and 

 Peters townships farther east, so that the Franklin and Middle Wash- 

 ington limestones are not reported. The other limestones of this inter- 

 val are from 8 to 25 feet thick. The massive sandstone underlying the 

 Upper Washington makes a "rock city" in Peters. 



•J. J. Stevenson: (K), pp. 269, 270, 281, 282, 283. 

 I.e. White: (K), pp. 229, 285, 288, 291, 292, 293, 294. 



