DESCRIPTION OF THE GLACIERS 



261 



coalesce and their terminus extends to within 11/2 or 2 miles of Malaspina 

 glacier, to which they were formerly tributary. At present the alluvial 

 fan of Kwik river separates these glaciers from the Malaspina. In 1905 

 the lower portions of both Atrevida and Lucia glaciers were essentially 

 stagnant, and from well within their mountain valleys to their terminus 

 were covered with broad wastes of moraine. The outermost portion of 

 the moraine-covered ice was clothed in a dense thicket of mature alder, 

 indicating almost complete stagnation in that part of the glacier. 



Eussell crossed both these glaciers in 1890. In 1905 I walked freely 

 over Atrevida glacier in company with Messrs Martin and Butler, and 

 later they crossed Atrevida and Lucia glaciers on their way to Floral hills ; 

 but in 1906 crevassing, due to a rapid forward movement, had completely 

 altered the condition of Atrevida glacier. The Lucia, on the other hand, 

 was in no way different from its condition in 1905, at least along and 

 near the route followed by Messrs Martin and Butler. 



GLACIERS OF YAKVTAT BAY 



Galiano glacier (plates 7 and 13), the next one east of the Atrevida, 

 was the same in the two summers ; but there is evidence of distinct change 

 between 1890 and 1905. 



Three tidal glaciers discharge into Yakutat Bay inlet. The oiitermost 

 of these, Turner glacier, underwent no notable change in the interval be- 

 tween 1905 and 1906 ; but a small unnamed glacier just north of it, 

 which I shall call Haenke glacier (plates 11 and 12), has advanced into 

 the sea, uniting with the ice-cliff of the Turner. Hubbard glacier was 

 essentially the same in 1906 as in 1905 ; but the much smaller Variegated 

 glacier (plates 8—10), just east of it, shows profound change. The 

 tidal ISTunatak glacier, at the head of Xunatak fiord, continued to recede 

 between 1905 and 1906, as it had been doing at such a remarkable rate 

 betw:een 1891 and 1905.* Another large glacier, the Hidden, whose 

 terminus is on an alluvial fan back from the sea, shows no notable change. 

 There are many smaller glaciers in the bay, and in none of tliese was any 

 evidence of recent advance discovered. 



This brief description makes it clear that four of the many glaciers 

 in the Yakutat Bay region have been subjected to some influence which 

 has caused a very remarkable change in condition in the short interval of 

 ten months between August, 1905, and July, 1906. The nature of this 



* Tarr and Martin : BuU. American Geographical Society, vol. 38, 1906, p. 154. 



