344 M. JEFFERSOX LATERAL ERORIOX OX illClTTGAX RIVERS 



the north branch (Saline), however, it is placed to the west. It was not 

 observed in the field, attention being given to the river, its flood-plain 

 and bluffs; nor did the observer have it in mind until it was bi ought to 

 his attention at Milan. That the map is correct in representing the 

 Warren shore as west of the Saline between Diindee and Jlilan is shown 

 by the disappearance of flood-plain for 4 or more miles east of Milan, 

 probably because the river crosses the beach here. Here there is no dis- 

 tinct valley between bluffs, only 8-foot side walls to the channel, and 

 scaurs are wholly wanting, or, if one likes, the bank is all scaur on both 

 sides. A little west of Milan reappears the open flood-plain. The extra 

 depth of material to be cut through here seems to have delayed the river in 

 developing its valle}', so that it is intrinsically younger in form at this 

 place. Here flood-plain will be developed later. From this point to 

 Dundee 6 per cent of the bluffs are in scaur, mostly bare and typical, and 

 77 ppr cent of this is on the left. The river flows about southeast and 

 floods its plain strongly, as is seen by driftwood and sand deposits on the 

 grass. Measurements were made September 6, 1906. Of perfect scaur 

 there were 731 paces, 576 to the left and 155 to the right, 79 and 21 per 

 cent respectively. Of slipping bluff there were 335 paces, 250 on the 

 right and 85 on the left, 75 and 25 per cent. The whole distance is 

 called 9 miles by the vallej^, with 16 scaurs on the left, averaging 52 paces 

 long, and 7 on the right, averaging 34 paces each — a little less than two 

 to the mile on the left and less than one on the right. The river con- 

 sistently inclines to the left; total scaur, number of scaurs, and length of 

 individual scaurs all point the same way. It was observable in following 

 the valley that even on the flood-plain the river held over to the left side 

 of the valley. Possibly an outlying ridge of the Warren shore restrains 

 it on the eastern side, but this should be looked for in the field. For 

 about 3 river miles west of Milan dead scaurs are noted, 1,062 paces on 

 the left and 857 on the right, 56 and 44 per cent respectively. There 

 were no bare scaurs, the bluffs being much overgrown with trees and tlic 

 stream as sluggish as if there were a dam at Milan. It was not followed 

 further. 



For the last three-quarters of the northeasterly part of the course of 

 the south branch, or Eaisin proper, it meanders strongly and bears hard 

 to the right, being apparently held from a consequent course to the south- 

 east by the Warren beach. This stretch measures about 20 miles by the 

 bank. Ten miles of it were paced, from Dundee to the highway bridge 

 near Petersburg, where the -general course is to the northeast. Scaurs 

 are frequent, forming about 15 per cent of the bluff' in till a})0ut 25 feet 



