58G PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK MEETING 



at the University of Michigan and established his laome at Ann Arbor. 

 rive years previously (1887) he had married Julia Augusta Olmstead, 

 \vho, with their three daughters and one son, survives him. The home 

 circle was one in which it was a happy privilege to be welcomed, and in 

 that atmosphere Eussell, talking of glowing scenes of the deserts and 

 snow peaks he knew so intimately, revealed beneath the quiet exterior the 

 enthusiasm of an artist. 



Eussell's place in science was determined by the epoch in which he lived 

 and by the strong impulses of his own nature. The conditions of the one 

 and the tendencies of the other were in harmony when he began his career ; 

 later the conditions changed, but Eussell did not, except in outward com- 

 pliance, and he remained ever a frontiersman of science. 



In the eighteen seventies American geography and geology were still 

 sciences of exploration; the refinements of surveying were undeveloped; 

 the specialization of the general subject had scarcely begun. The Fortieth 

 Parallel Survey, which is now regarded as high grade reconnaissance 

 work, was the standard piece of geologic surveying. Geology was a rela- 

 tively simple study, which offered vast opportunities to keen observers and 

 explorers, but made relatively slight demands upon the systematist and 

 the specialist. The opportunities were those which Eussell was most able 

 to exploit brilliantly; the demands he could afford to overlook; and 

 throughout his career he always sought the fresh opportunity, he did his 

 best work in virgin fields. He takes his place in the group of geographers 

 and geologists, of whom it suffices to name Newberry, Hayden, Powell, 

 and Eichthofen — men who did pioneer work, which is the essential foun- 

 dation of later research ; men who have blazed out the way, both physically 

 and intellectually, for the road-builders who follow; men to whom all 

 honor is due for the courage and high purpose they had in the face of 

 difficulties, and to whom we owe a debt of gratitiide for the greater 

 opportunities they have opened to us. 



BlBLIOGKAPHY 



New Zealand flax. American Natin-aUst, vol. 10, 1876, pp. 18-21. 



Lake Wakatipn, New Zealand. American Naturalist, vol. 10, 1870, pp. .385- 



392. 

 Notes on the ancient glaciers of New Zealand. New York Lyceum Natural 



History, Annals, vol. 11, 1876, pp. 251-265, map 19. 

 On the formation of lakes. Popular Science Monthly, vol. 9, 1876, pp. .539- 



546. 

 The giant birds of New Zealand. American Naturalist, vol. 11, no. 1, 1877, 



pp. 11-21. 

 Concerning footprints. American Natiiralis-t, vol. 11, 1877, pp. 406^17. 



