52 J. C. BRANNER — GEOLOGY OF NORTHEAST COAST. OF BRAZIL 











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Between Cabedello and Parahyba the 

 line crosses an almost perfectly flat 

 sandy plain that rises only 2 or 3 meters 

 above tidelevel. In a well put down at 

 the railway shops at Cabedello, marine 

 shells are reported to have been found 

 at a d^pth of 7 meters below the surface 

 of the ground. The writer did not see 

 these shells. On both sides of the penin- 

 sula there are small local exposures of 

 slightly consolidated calcareous sands, 

 in places made up largely of triturated 

 calcareous seaweeds. These sands are 

 apparently of late geologic origin. 



A short distance north of the city of 

 Parahyba the railway passes across alter- 

 nate mangrove swamps and arms of high 

 firm ground which extend from the hills 

 of Parahyba toward the estuary. The 

 high ground of these arms usually rises 

 only a few] decimeters above tide-level 

 in the mangrove swamps. One of these 

 ridges, however, has an elevation of sev- 

 eral meters where crossed by the road, 

 and there is a cut more than 2 meters 

 deep for the railway bed. This cut is in 

 the gray, marly looking limestone that 

 resembles some of the Cretaceous lime- 

 stone of the Sergipe basin. Unfortun- 

 ately there was no opportunity to ex- 

 amine these beds for fossils. 



Especial attention is directed toward 

 this part of the railway line on account 

 of the light thrown on the geographic 

 history of the coast by the depth of the 

 muck in the mangrove swamps.* This 

 portion of the railway, the prolongation 

 from Parahyba to Cabedello, was built in 



*I am indebted to Mr Samuel H. Agnew, now super- 

 intendent of the Natal a Nova Cruz raihvay, for the 

 copy of the profile and record of soundings on this 

 part of the raihvay. 



