72 J. C. BRANNER — GEOLOGY OP NORTHEAST COAST OF BRAZIL 



At Canhotinho the railway is in the narrow valley of Canhoto, where 

 the steep hills are about 100 meters high. The hills are much more 

 open than they are from the Rio Canhoto. 



WA TER WORN GRA VELS 



The following notes were made on the occurrence of waterworn mate- 

 rials along the line of this road. In most cases, perhaps in all of them, 

 these waterworn materials clearly belong with the streams near at hand. 

 At Rebeirao a streak of waterworn quartz gravels is exposed 2 meters 

 below the surface of the soil ; at Cuyambuca (kilometer 104) a layer 

 of subangular quartz pebbles is shown 2 meters beneath the surface of 

 the yellow soil; 1 kilometer west of Catende waterworn pebbles are ex- 



Figure 11. — Outline of tJie Hills South of Railway between Garanhuns and Sao Joao. 



posed 2 meters below the surface; a short way farther west similar 

 gravels are covered by from 3 to 7 meters of soil ; about 5 kilometers 

 west of Catende a bed of gravel 1 meter thick is exposed on the north 

 side of the track. 



At another place the pebbles are from 1 to 2 meters below the surface, 

 but only from 7 to 15 meters above the present stream. Four kilometers 

 east of Quipapa waterworn quartz pebbles are exposed at several places 

 above the present stream, the Pirangy. One and a half and 3 kilometers 

 west of Canhotinho waterworn cobbles are exposed by the railway 10 

 meters above the stream. 



OBSERVATIONS AWAY FROM THE RAILWA F» 



These notes have a greater value when taken in connection with ob- 

 servations made off the line of the railway. 



Trips have been made by the writer from Palmares north to Bonito, 

 and from Pao d'Assucar, on the Rio Sao Francisco, to Aguas Bellas, west 

 of Garanhuns. 



The whole country about Bonito is of granite, and the Serra da Boni- 

 tinho is likewise of granite. There are some striking cases of fluting of 

 gigantic blocks of granite on the highway between Palmares and Bonito. 



