OBSERVATIONS AWAY FROM SAO FRANCISCO RAILWAY I 6 



In the valley below the town of Bonito some of the bare granite bosses 

 show angular inclusions of other and darker rocks. 



Between Pao d'Assucar and Aguas Bellasthe rocks are granites and 

 gneisses, with some highly metamorphosed rocks The latter include 

 inconspicuous beds of crystalline limestone in the Serra' dos Meninos 

 near Aguas Bellas. The granitic rocks were observed at Lagoa da Lagea, 

 8 leagues east of Aguas Bellas, and at Pedra Pintada, 12 leagues west of 

 Garanhuns.* 



Two interesting papers have been likewise published by Doctor L.Lom- 

 bard on the geology of the interior of the state of Pernambuco, and inas- 

 much as Doctor Lombard's papers were published only in Portuguese, 

 where they are inaccessible to geologists, I give here his conclusions so 

 far as they relate to the geology of the state of Pernambuco in the 

 vicinity of the Recife ao Sao Francisco railwa}^. 



One of Doctor Lombard's papers f contain the results of two months' 

 work in the region south of Garanhuns, and covers an area of about 

 3,500 square kilometers. He summarizes the geology of the region as 

 follows : 



" The terranes of this region belong to the lower part of the primitive terrane 

 here represented by gneiss in contact with granite. Mica schists are rare. The 

 only ones I found are on Rio Salgadinho, where they resemble a gneiss poor in 

 feldspar. The gneiss and granite merge together without exhibiting any sharp 

 lines of distinction. Outcrops of later basic eruptive rocks are rare, and the dis- 

 turbances of the beds of gneiss were caused by eruptions of granite and perhaps 

 of granolite." 



Doctor Lombard's second paper % treats of the region between Garan- 

 huns and Buique and of the country around Buique. The area covered 

 by his map is about 5,000 square kilometers. 



He found the region between Garanhuns and Buique to be of granite 

 and gneiss. Descending the Serra de Sao Jose, the gneiss dips northeast 

 at an angle of 20 degrees. In the basin of the Rio Ypanema the rocks 

 are more granitic. Near Rio Cordeiro a dike of diabase was seen. The 

 Serra de Buique is of granite, but along the southeast side of the Serra 

 there are limestones. Nothing is told of the geologic position of these 

 limestones. The mountain masses and the plateau west, north, and 

 northeast of Buique are of sandstone resting on granite. The moun- 



* Further notes on the region about Aguas Bellas are given in the Amer. Jour. Sci. for Feb., 1902. 



t Relatorio sobre a exploracao da parte sul do Estado de Pernambuco entre Palmares e Bom 

 Conselho. Por L. Lombard. Recife, 1895, being pages 51-62 of the Relatorio apresentado ao Exm. 

 Sr. Governador do Estado . . . pelo Dr Rodolpho Galvao, Secretario dos Negocios da Indus- 

 tria. Recife, 1895. 



X Relatorio sebre a exploracao mineralogicade Garanhuns a Buique e da zona sal itrosade Buique. 

 Por L. Lombard ; pages 123-140 of the report above cited. Recife, 1895. 



XI— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 13, 1901 



