86 J. C. BEANNER GEOLOGY OF NORTHEAST COAST OE BRAZIL 



Kilometers. 



Station. 



Elevation 



above 

 flood tide.* 



0.000 



Brum : 



Meters. 

 1 24 



3.150 



Encruzilhada 



4 04 



6.550 



Officinas , 



10 04 



13.750 



Macacos 



47.24 



18.376 



Camaragibe 



35 24 



25.175 



Sao Lourenco 



31.24 



30.120 



Tiuma 



44.24 



33.000 



Santa Rita 



53 94 



48.822 



Pao d'Alho 



69.54 



59.875 



Carpina 



182.64 



67.243 



Tracunhaem 



90.74 



72.944 



Nazareth 



57.84 



80.000 



Junco 





84.144 



Lagoa Secca 



46.24 



91.244 



Barauna . 



73.64 



97.244 



Allianca.. 



59.24 



107.600 



Pureza 



70.24 



118.000 



Timbauba 



100.74 









TOPOGRAPHY AND ROCK EXPOSURES ADJACENT TO STATIONS 



The Recife or Pernambuco end of the Great Western of Brazil railway 

 is at Brum, near the old Dutch fort between the city of Recife and 

 Olinda. Brum stands upon a sand spit that rises but little more than a 

 meter above high-tide level. The land is all low, sandy, and flat from 

 Brum to Encruzilhada, 3 kilometers out. Two and a half kilometers 

 beyond Encruzilhada the line of the railway comes to the foot of the 

 Tertiary hills of highly colored sedimentary rocks. At Arrayal the hills 

 east and north of the road are from 30 to 50 meters above the flat coastal 

 plain. About one and a half kilometers beyond f Arrayal the railway 

 leaves the plain and ascends through many cuts in the soft particolored 

 Tertiary beds. The rocks exposed in these cuts are red, brown, purple, 

 yellow, gray, white, and mottled. The beds are approximately hori- 

 zontal, and the materials are mostly rather fine sediments, with here and 

 there coarse waterworn gravels. 



At Macacos station (kilometer 13.7) the elevation of the road is 47 

 meters, and the big cut near the station is 20 meters deep, all of it being 



* The elevations as kindly furnished me by Mr John A. Lorimer, of the railway company, are 

 referred to the bench-mark at the Arsenal de Marinha, at Pernambuco. This station is said to be 

 8.76 meters below flood tide. All elevations are referred to high tide by subtracting 8.76 meters 

 from the elevations as used by the railway. 



f These notes are written as if made on the outward trip; "beyond" a given point, therefore, 

 always means along the line of the road and away from the Pernambuco end. 



