ANALYSES OF WATERS ALONG GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY 



91 



Partial Analyses of Waters along the Line of the Great Western of Brazil Railway 

 {expressed in Grains per Gallon)* 





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Total solids ... 



82.39 



24.01 



49.35 



60.34 



19.39 



Lime 



7.30 

 4.40 



3.10 

 0.40 



5.66 

 2.20 



5.26 

 4.30 



3.00 



Magnesia 



0.42 



Chlorine 



4356 

 26.30 

 21.00 

 10.00 



11.16 

 6.58 

 6.58 

 3.00 



16.20 



16.50 



11.90 



5.00 



27.72 



21.80 



15.40 



7.00 



8.28 



Total hardness , 



6.58 



Permanent hardness 



6.58 



Degree of hardness 



3.00 







The facts of general interest shown by the geology along this railway 

 line are here brought together. 



CONCLUSIONS REGARDING THE GEOLOGY ALONG THE GREAT WESTERN 



RAILWAY 



The particolored Tertiary beds forming the hills around the plain on 

 which Pernambuco stands form only a narrow belt where they are cut 

 across by the Great Western railway. These beds end a short distance 

 beyond Macacos, so that the entire belt has here a width of only about 

 12 to 15 kilometers. 



The Tertiary beds where exposed along the railway are without fossils, 

 but what appear to be the same beds, where less weathered, as at Olinda, 

 contain marine fossils, which are regarded by Professor Gilbert D. Harris, 

 of Cornell University, as of Eocene-Tertiary age.f 



The Tertiary sediments were laid down on an uneven surface of 

 crystalline rocks — granites, gneisses, and schists. 



The crystalline rocks. are exposed from near Macacos to Timbauba, a 

 distance of about 100 kilometers by the railway line. 



Inland from the main Tertiary sediments waterworn materials cover 

 the lower slopes of the hills, but these materials have not been observed 

 at a higher elevation than a little more than 100 meters above tidelevel. 



The marked colors characteristic of the Tertiary beds are sometimes 



* For a copy of these analyses I am indebted to Mr John A. Lorimev, chief of locomotion on the 

 railway. 



f It is possible that there may be a thin bed of Cretaceous between the Tertiary and the schists 

 and granites. 



