BEACHES, BOULDERS, AND GLACIAL STRIZ. DAM 
in the lower Ottawa basin between that river and the Saint Lawrence, 
where the shells are very abundant in certain layers. They continue 
westward for a long distance along the line of the Canadian Pacific rail- 
way, and west of Sharbot lake and to the north of Kaladar station, which 
has an elevation of 702 feet, they are well displayed along the road to 
the village of Cloyne, near the upper portion of the Mississippi river. 
BEACHES OF THE Orrawa BaAsIN 
Near this village of Cloyne there are also well defined beaches at an 
elevation of not far from 1,000 feet above sealevel, the surface of the 
country over many acres being covered with well rounded beach stones. 
This elevation corresponds closely with that noted by Mr Chalmers be- 
tween Montreal and Ottawa, and supports the view that the waters of 
the sea extended at one time over all this portion of eastern Canada. 
There is, moreover, no well defined break in the deposits in this direction 
by which the sands and clays along the lower Ottawa can be separated 
from those in the direction of lake Ontario, and it is presumable there- 
fore that future observations will result in finding marine forms in some 
part of this more western area. 
Drirt BouLpERS oF THE OrrawA AND SAINT LAWRENCE VALLEYS 
An interesting series of deposits is to be seen in that portion of the 
basin between the lower Ottawa and the Saint Lawrence. Here there 
are numerous ridges of drift boulders, some of which are of considerable 
extent, with elevations of 50 feet or more above the surrounding marine 
clays. These are possibly old moraines, around which the clays and 
shell-bearing sands have been deposited, but the distribution of certain 
of these boulders over the surface of the clays must be due to some other 
cause subsequent to the Glacial time. 
GLACIAL STRIA 
It is interesting to note that two well defined series of strie can be 
recognized in the Ottawa basin. Of these, one follows closely the depres- 
sion or valley of the Ottawa from the foot of lake Temiscaming to near 
its junction with the Saint Lawrence, the course of the markings being 
only a few degrees to the south of east, while the other set has a direction 
nearly at right angles to this, ranging from south to south sixty degrees 
west. From the difficulty of finding both these sets on the same exposure 
it has not as yet been practicable to definitely decide which of these is 
