38 F. B. TAYLOR — CORRELATION OF BEACHES AND MORAINES. 



ary, for the modern Cedar river has cut away a considerable part of the 

 original deposit, especially in the northern part of the channel, but low 

 terraces of this material are found nearly all along the sides, ranging 

 from five to six feet above the center of the swamp at the saw-mill to 

 fifteen or more above the present stream toward North Branch. In only 

 a few places in the lower part is the bordering bank steep enough to sug- 

 gest cutting by the current. The present bottom level of the channel 

 one mile south of North Branch is about 795 feet above sealevel and at 

 Columbiaville about 770 feet. Below North Branch the old stream floor 

 widens out gradually, until at Columbiaville and two miles below it is 

 about a mile wide, and Flint river is depressed in it from 20 to 25 feet. 

 In the city of Flint, 18 miles farther southwest, there are extensive 

 gravels at 740 to 750 feet that may belong to the old outlet river, but 

 their relations were not fully determined. 



It seems plain enough from the relation of the Maumee or Leipsic 

 beach that- this deep channel was the outlet, or at least one outlet, for 

 this lake. But there are a few doubtful points which will have to be 

 cleared up by further observations before it can be affirmed that this 

 channel carried all the overflow. It has been supposed hitherto that the 

 Leipsic beach as well as the Vant Wert connects with the Fort Wayne 

 outlet, and that the level of the lake fell on account of cutting down in 

 the outlet channel. This is a possibility, but the Leipsic beach seems a 

 little low for such a relation. While this beach has not been traced con- 

 tinuously from Ohio to the Imlay channel in Michigan, the land features 

 in the interval are so simple that the grounds for the inferred identity 

 of Gilbert's beach number 2 (Leipsic) and Spencer's Maumee seem quite 

 clear. 



The comparative magnitudes of the Fort Wayne and Imlay channels 

 present another difficulty. The former averages a mile or more- in width, 

 while the latter is only a third to a half mile wide. If this means that 

 the volumes of the rivers were of like comparative magnitudes it would 

 seem plain that the Imlay outlet did not carry the whole overflow of the 

 lake. The discharge may have been divided between Fort Wayne and 

 Imlay during the time of the Leipsic beach. None of the several ob- 

 servers in the Ohio and Indiana areas have reported more than two 

 beaches above the Belmore. If the Leipsic beach connects only with 

 the Fort Wayne outlet and Spencer's Maumee beach only with the Imlay, 

 the two beaches being independent, there ought to be three beaches 

 above the Belmore in the basin of lake Maumee. The reported presence 

 of only two, coupled with the narrowness of the Imlay channel, seems 

 to confirm the supposition of the divided overflow. Further observa- 



