48 F. B. TAYLOR — CORRELATION OF BEACHES AND MORAINES! 



have been left open while the ice-front still stood on the hills immedi- 

 ately to the north of it, but this relation would not last long, for the ice- 

 front had already receded from its most permanent halting place on the 

 main moraine which lies between Wadsworth and Ubly. Farther north, 

 less than a mile south of Verona Mills, a somewhat wider swampy valley 

 passes through. This might also have served briefly. The eastern slope 

 of the Port Huron moraine was closely examined at many different places 

 northward from Port Huron both by Mr Gilbert and the writer, but no 

 sign of the Arkona beach was found. If either of these channels north 

 of the Tyre-Ubly was the outlet for the lake at the Arkona stage it must 

 have been after the ice-front had retreated a little from the main Port 

 Huron moraine, so as to leave a long narrow sound along its east side 

 between the main moraine ridge and the ice-front through Avhich the 

 water could pass northward to these cross-valleys. This might well occur 

 while the ice-front still rested on the high hills at Verona Mills. Such 

 an adjustment, however, would certainly be short lived, in this respect 

 agreeing with the faintly developed beach. Even this supposition, how- 

 ever, does not remove the difficulty without supposing in addition a 

 considerable local depression of the Ubly- Verona Mills region before the 

 making of the Arkona beach and after the fall of lake Whittlesey, for 

 the cross-valleys north of the Ubly channel are very little lower than 

 he Ubly channel itself. These spillways are probably later than the 

 Arkona beach, and were probably scoured out by very temporary over- 

 flows immediately preceding lake Warren. The critical ground was so 

 thoroughly examined that there is not much doubt that the Arkona 

 beach does not extend around the end of the thumb, but connects 

 somewhere with an outlet across it. 



Lake Warren. 



forest beach. 



This beach is possibly the same as the lower member of Gilbert's beach 

 number 4, in western Ohio, and his lower Crittenden beach in western 

 New York. Spencer's last place of identification and measurement is at 

 a point five miles west of Port Huron, where its altitude is 665 feet. 

 Gilbert recognized this beach at several localities on the eastern slope of 

 the Port Huron moraine between Atkins on the south and a point west 

 of Richmondville on the north, a distance of about 35 miles. The fol- 

 lowing facts are taken from his notes : Atkins is five miles east of the 

 Spring Hill spit (Belmore beach) and about ten miles northwest of Port 

 Huron. One mile north of Atkins the Forest beach has an altitude of 



