50 F. B. TAYLOR — CORRELATION OF BEACHES AND MORAINES. 



tween the two branches of the river, the Forest beach is well formed at 

 an altitude of about 765 feet. From this point it extends southwest in 

 almost a straight line to the Flint river, a few miles north of Flushing. 

 Much of this littoral belt is duney, and the beach could not be distinctly 

 made out at some places. It was recognized on some kames about four 

 miles south of Cass City, southeast of Caro, six miles south of Caro, some- 

 what doubtfully near Juniata station and two and a half miles west of 

 Millington, and thence pretty continuously past Elva and Arbela and 

 Clio nearly to the bank of Flint river, about five miles north of Flush- 

 ing. Its altitude two miles west of Clio is about 700 feet. The beach 

 trends thence about due west past New Lothrop and Easton, 710 feet; 

 Oakley, 700 feet; Chapin, 700 to 710 feet; Elsie, 700 feet, and past 

 Eureka to Maple Rapids, which is well within the head of the Pewamo 

 channel. The beach is particularly distinct and well formed at Easton, 

 Chapin, Elsie, and Eureka. It is a continuous gravel ridge almost the 

 entire distance, and many miles of it are used for roadways. The coun- 

 try is very open and it is easily followed. The altitudes of points west 

 of Chapin were not very satisfactorily determined, but as nearly as can 

 now be stated the Forest beach at Maple Rapids has an approximate 

 height of 680 feet above sealevel. This beach was found well developed 

 also on the north side of the channel opposite Maple Rapids, and was 

 traced thence northeast, curving around toward the north as far as Pom- 

 pei. Spencer took this beach at Chapin to be his Ridgeway (Belmore), 

 and he gives its height there as 760 feet (barometric). The writer's 

 measurement was made from Chesaning, about 10 miles northeast of 

 Chapin, as a base and under favorable conditions. The altitude given 

 also agrees closely with measurements made to the eastward on other 

 days. The col at the head of the Pewamo channel is said by Spencer to 

 be not over 680 feet above sealevel or 100 above lake Huron. The col is 

 a summit swamp passing from Bad river to Maple river between Ashley 

 and Bannister. 



In its physical appearance the Forest beach is in one respect unique. 

 So far as seen by Mr Gilbert and the writer, this beach is nearly always 

 dual in form. It generally presents two beautifully formed beach ridges, 

 the crest of one being always eight or ten feet below that of the other. 

 When' the slope is very gentle the two ridges are sometimes nearly a mile 

 apart. On steeper slopes the dual phase sometimes fails. East of Ruth 

 the slope is very gradual and the ridges are a mile apart, the lower one 

 being represented in this case by a belt of fine sand scarcely over a foot 

 high. In the above list of localities and altitudes all the measurements 

 refer to the upper ridge. This character of the beach was a great aid in 

 its recognition. The double line is quite distinct at Charleston, east of 



