56 F. B. TAYLOR — CORRELATION OF BEACHES AND MORAINES. 



indicating an uplift at the latter place after the formation of the beach. 

 The Forest beach appears to show scarcely any deformation on east- 

 and-west lines, except possibly a slight descent near Maple Rapids, but 

 the amount is, in fact, so small that with the measurements made by 

 aneroid it is not worth while to attempt close analysis. The Forest 

 beach at Verona Mills is only seven miles north of the bend of the Tyre- 

 Ubly channel and 25 feet below it. West of Port Huron the Forest 

 beach is about 105 feet below the Belmore, and the Arkona beach lies 

 between. The cross-valleys north of the Ubly channel are at altrtudes 

 midway between the col east of Ubly and the Forest beach near Verona 

 Mills, so that if any of them served as the outlet for the Arkona stage, we 

 must suppose a much sharper post- Warren uplift northward from«Ubly 

 than that which affected the region farther south. A sharper rise does 

 appear there, as just pointed out, but it is much too little to explain the 

 facts by the simple supposition of a local tilt. There seems to be no 

 escape from the conclusion that in the Ubly-Verona Mills region there 

 was a depression after the Belmore beach and a reelevation after the 

 Forest. If this depression was great enough, the Arkona stage may have 

 used the Tyre-Ubly channel as its outlet and the scour in the cross-valleys 

 to the north might then be ascribed to the flow of very temporary waters 

 as the lake fell from the Arkona to the Forest level. This seems to be 

 the most plausible conclusion, but sufficient data are not now at hand 

 for a more definite statement. 



Nomenclature. 



The sources of the particular names of beaches, outlets, lakes, and 

 moraines used in this paper are mostly obvious or have been made suffi- 

 ciently clear in passing, but in respect to one name a further word of 

 explanation is needed. When Dr Spencer had traced parts of the Forest, 

 Arkona, and Ridgeway beaches in Ontario, he named the water which 

 made them lake Warren, in honor of General G. K.Warren, whom he 

 regards as " the father of lacustrine geology in America." This name was 

 first published in Science for January 27, 1888, page 49 ; but in this and 

 in all his subsequent publications relating to these beaches Dr Spencer 

 has stated his belief that they are really of marine origin. Besides call- 

 ing the waters that made these beaches lake Warren, he has as frequently 

 called them Warren water and Warren gulf. The current ideas of their 

 size and origin have been diverse from the beginning — so much so as to 

 make the application of the name rather uncertain. Dr Spencer has 

 always denned lake Warren as covering the whole of the Great Lake area, 

 and Upham and Lawson have supposed it to cover all but lake Ontario. 



