THE UPPER NUGSUAK PENINSULA. 257 



found in place, and no other igneous rock than diabase. After the care- 

 ful study made by Professor Gill and the diligent search of all the other 

 members of the part} 7 , it is safe to say that no rocks other than trap, 

 schist, and gneiss occur in place on the Upper Nugsuak peninsula. 



On either side the peninsula is bounded by the waters of the fiords. 

 Here and there islands rise above their surface, and in them there are 

 occasional shoals. No soundings were made, but from the larger icebergs 

 that float in the water and from the high ice-front of the glaciers that 

 terminate in them, breaking off to form large bergs, it is evident that the 

 water is deep in some places, and probably very often not less than 500 

 or 600 feet in depth. Between the Duck islands and Wilcox Head im- 

 mense icebergs were constantly floating, though about half way between 

 these two places bergs rising nearly 100 feet above the water were aground. 

 A sounding made in this vicinity, at a distance of about two miles from 

 Wilcox Head, in the direction of the Duck islands, showed the depth to 

 be 114 fathoms. From an estimate of the height of the bergs which float 

 though these waters, we had predicted the depth to be not less than 100 

 fathoms. 



CORNELL GLACIER. 



On the south side of the Upper Nugsuak peninsula there is a large 

 glacier terminating in the fiord, to which the name Cornell glacier is 

 given, and on the north side, ending in the Devil's Thumb bay, is another 

 large glacier named the Wyckoff glacier.* 



The latter was not studied in detail, nor was it mapped. Even late in 

 August the sea ice had not yet disappeared from the foot of this glacier, 

 and this fact, taken in connection with the scarcity of icebegs in the 

 Devil's Thumb bay, showed that this glacier is not advancing rapidly. 

 The southern boundary, separating it from the Cornell glacier, is a series 

 of low but long nunataks, extending in the direction of the strike of the 

 rocks. The outermost of these is fully 15 miles from the ice-margin. 



The Cornell glacier (see plate 28) is a double one, divided near the 

 coast by a partial nunatak named mount Hope. The southern arm is 

 about 4| miles long, the northern about If miles. The sea-front is an 

 ice-wall of remarkable whiteness and the surface is marvelously rough. 

 Because of this roughness it seemed impracticable to obtain the rate of 

 motion of the glacier, but from the small amount of ice coming from the 

 front, the movement is evidently not very rapid. The land margin pre- 

 sents many features of interest, including distinct moraines. About 8 

 miles from the margin rises mount Schurman,f a nunatak reaching 1,000 



feet above the ice on the western side. From this there extends a partial 



« 



* After Mr E. G. Wyckoff, whose liberality made the expedition possible, 

 t Named for President J. G. Schurman of Cornell University. 



