276 H. L. FAIRCHILD — LAKE WARREN SHORELINES! GENEVA BEACH. 



pit, visible from the highway. Near the gravel pit the bar has been cut 

 by drainage, and south of the gully a fine ridge is found, with north-and- 

 south direction, on the land of Mr J. Miner. This is about two and one- 

 half miles northeast of the center of Batavia village. 



FROM BATA VIA TO CALEDONIA. 



East of Batavia village the moraine, with strong relief, lies partiahV 

 below the Lake Warren level. The lake waters were here entangled 

 among the hills and the beach is broken for two miles, but two well 

 defined wave-cut cliffs are conspicuous. These are clearly seen from the 

 main line of the New York Central railroad, which, eastward from 

 Batavia, traverses the moraine and descends rapidly upon the silt plain 

 formed as the floor of the Warren waters. The more westerly cliff is 

 upon the north and east side of a till ridge about one mile southeast of 

 the bar last mentioned and about one-fourth of a mile east of the rail- 

 road. Well defined but broken shore phenomena connect this cliff with 

 another cliff in drift one mile further eastward. The beach then runs 

 northeast another mile as a good ridge to a strong cliff in Corniferous 

 limestone, which shows excellently the effects of heavy wave action upon 

 a headland. From this cliff a nearly continuous bar or ridge is found 

 for the six miles to Le Roy. The accompanying map will show the direc- 

 tion and location of the beach better than verbal description. 



The beach passes through the southern and higher part of the village 

 of Morganville and shows in good form both east and west of the village. 



The altitude of the beach is here definitely known. . One and one-half 

 miles northeast of Morganville and about half a mile west of school- 

 house number 3 is a station of the United States Lake Survey, located 

 exactly upon the beach ridge, with a corrected altitude for surface of 

 the ground of 880 feet. Upon the west side of the north -and-south road, 

 by school number 3, which is situated upon the beach, the crest of the 

 beach is 4.56 feet under the top of rail of the Lehigh Valley railroad at 

 the road crossing one-fourth of a mile south. The altitude of rail is 

 884.60, making the crest of beach 880 feet. One-half mile farther east 

 the railroad crosses the beach by a cutting, and the altitude is 879 feet. 



Approaching Le Roy, the beach becomes obscure upon a kame-like 

 surface among low drumloids about one-half mile northwest of the rail- 

 road stations. The level of the water-surface passes through the lower or 

 northern part of the village. The next appearance of the beach is a good 

 gravel ridge about one mile east of the village, between the LeRoy-Cal- 

 edonia highway and the three railroads, on the land of Mr A. H. Olm- 

 stead. The ridge curves around northeast of the farm-house and barns 

 and once formed a hooked spit near the highway, which has been cut 

 away for gravel. 



