282 H. L. FAIRCHILD — LAKE WAKKEN SHORELINES I GENEVA BEACH. 



river, and one spit has been found at Victor. The outlet of the lake 

 held at this level is unknown. 



DETAILED DESCRIPTION. 



The following detailed description will enable any one to verify the 

 writer's observations : 



The point where the Geneva beach was first seen, and which may be 

 taken as the starting point for description, is about 2 miles southeast of 

 the center of the town, at the intersection of the north and south " Prer 

 emption road ■' by the east-and-west Flint-Geneva road. The beach lies 

 exactly at the crossing, having a direction northwest-southeast. South- 

 ward it passes along the east side of the Preemption road, showing as a 

 ridge or bench of gravel on the drumloid slope. 



Northward of the corners the beach passes beneath the house and 

 barns of Mr Charles Bean. Beyond the buildings it forms a fine ridge 

 of clear gravel 10 to 15 feet high on the landward side and as many rods 

 wide at the base. 



Taking the top of rail of the Lehigh Valley railroad at the Preemption 

 crossing, one mile north, as 606.92 feet, the crest of the ridge is just 700 

 feet above tide. 



The ridge curves to westward and fades out in one-fourth of a mile in 

 a narrow depression of the land surface, but reappears upon the oppo- 

 site slope as a low gravel bar. Along the east slope of the drumlin ridge 

 the shoreline is evident for a mile, mainly as cliff on the till slope, and 

 indicating long continued heavy wave-action. The first interruption is 

 by a creek channel used by the Naples branch of the Lehigh Valley 

 railroad. North of this break the beach reappears as a good ridge, termi- 

 nating in about a mile as a secondary or lakeward bar. Landward 

 another ridge appears, which soon changes to a strong cliff on the east 

 slope of a drumlin. Either as cliff or gravel embankment, the beach fol- 

 lows the east slope for one and one-half miles, crossing the Seneca Castle 

 road and following along the east side of the stretch of road having a 

 northwest-southeast direction. Where the beach leaves the northern 

 angle of that road it is a heavy ridge. The large barn of Mr William 

 Kane is located upon the beach. 



The heavy ridge last mentioned ends one-half mile north of the Seneca 

 Castle road, on a border of low ground. Across the low space the beach 

 forms a cliff on the east and north sides of a drumlin and changes to a 

 heavy, broad spit on the west side of the north-and-south road, at the edge 

 of another narrow valley. An old brick house belonging to Mr George 

 Johnson stands by the highway just above the shoreline. 



