ILLUSTRATIONS 



Plates 



Page 



Plate 1— Branner : The stone reef at Pernambuco 1 



" 2 " Sandstone reef at Rio Grande do Norte . 2 



" 3 " South end of Cape Santo Agostinho stone reef where it 



joins the land 3 



11 4 " The Cunhahu stone reef at low tide 4 



" 5 " Porto Seguro reef 5 



" 6 " The Mainanguape stone reef 6 



11 7 " Low tide on the Mamanguape stone reef 7 



" 8 " Sand spit at Traicao encroached on by the sea 8 



"9 " Etched surface of a stone reef. 9 



" 10 " Sandstone reef rock burrowed by sea urchins 10 



"11 " Pernambuco reef. 12 



11 12 — Fairchild: Termination of Unter Grindelwald glacier 32 



" 13 " Grimsel summit and Ober Grindelwald glacier 32 



" 14 " Glaciated cliff near Grimsel lake and hospice 32 



" 15 " Rhone glacier 33 



11 10 " Narrows of lake Chelan 40 



"17 " Failure of ice erosion on Lockport limestone 52 



" 18 " Failure of ice erosion on Corniferous limestone 52 



" 19 " Failure of ice erosion on Medina plain 52 



" 20 Failure of ice erosion in central New York 53 



" 2L " Physiographic belts in central New York 56 



" 22 " Failure of ice erosion in Onondaga and Owasco valleys. 64 



11 23 ■" Failure of ice erosion in Cayuga region 64 



" 24— Emerson : Map of trap sheet across Holyoke and section 126 



11 25 " Tubular cavities and group of dikes 126 



" 26 " Long plumose diabase 127 



11 27 " Pyroxene, magnetite, and plagioclase 128 



" 28 " Spherulites in glass 128 



" 29 " Glass-lined cavity 128 



" 30 Palagonite, devitrified glass, and holyokeite material. . . 129 



" 31 " Material from a composite dike 130 



" 32 Graphic representations of the constituents of the normal 



holyokediabaseand theextremedifferentiation products; 



the palagonite and holyokeite 130 



" 33— Merrill : Block of massive serpentine 131 



"34 " Septarian nodule of clay-iron stone. 136 



" 35 — Hobbs : Sketch map of Manhattan island 151 



" 36 — Tarr: Diagrammatic representation of the distribution of moraine 

 and outwash gravel on the northern half of the Watkins 



Glen quadrangle 215 



" 37 " Northern portion of Watkins Glen quadrangle 229 



" 38 " Ithaca topographic sheet 230 



" 39 " Diversion of Tioughnioga river and steepened slope of Cayuga 



lake 231 



" 40 " Diversion of the Chemung river near Elmira, New York. . . . 234 



" 41 " Lowered divides southwest of Elmira and Willseyville valley.. 235 

 " 42 " Texas Hollow r trough and divide between Baker and Wyncoop 



creeks 236 



" 43— Hill: Submarine configuration of the Windward archipelago 243 



"44 " Double islands of Guadeloupe 267 



" 45 " La Soufriere and northeast coast of Guadeloupe island 268 



"46 " Saba island and elevated benches on Grand Terre, Guade- 

 loupe 269 



" 47 " Porte d'Enfer, Guadeloupe island 270 



