232 R. S. TARE, — DRAINAGE FEATURES OF CENTRAL NEW YORK 



the new cycle was introduced by which the main valley bottoms were 

 lowered. 



Hanging valleys in the Tiougnioga trough. — The Tiougnioga valley, 

 which extends southeastward from near Cortland across the Cortland 

 and Harford topographic sheets, carries southward to the Susquehanna 

 the headwaters of the Fall Creek drainage area, normally tributary to 

 Cayuga lake* (see plate 39, figure 1). From near Cortland to a point 

 about 3 miles south of Blodgett Mills the valley narrows, becoming 

 there a deep, steep-sided, gorge-like valley, below which there is again a 

 broadening. This narrow section is without doubt an old divide region 

 across which the upper Fall creek has been diverted. 



800 



700 



W_ / 600 



Seneca Lakz / Soo 



400 

 300 

 200 



^T -/ 100 



^flJ&z&^Cont/nuation ./ 00 



% pfe& m C£& of va))ey to -£oo 



*&#.??.:*' dept/j of hor/nc -300 



vv>v\-r/ at Wat fans -400 



S£:\£ /080 feet SOO 



v & -600 



-700 



Figure 3. — Profile of Hector Falls Creek, Seneca Valley. 

 Two and one-half miles north of Watkins. Scale same as figure 1. 



On either side of this valley, both above and below the narrow gorge, 

 the tributaries occupy gorges cut in hanging valleys. The upper por- 

 tions of these tributaries are in broad, mature valleys, while the lower 

 portions are in rock- walled gorges 50 to 100 feet in depth, resembling in 

 appearance the buried gorges in the Cayuga and Seneca troughs. In 

 each case the gorge is cut in a rock bench extending across the mouths of 

 hanging valleys. Viewed from the opposite side of the Tiougnioga val- 

 ley, these tributary valleys are plainly seen to be hanging above the 

 main valley, with the gorges cut in their bottoms. 



That these gorges are not post-Glacial is proved by the presence in 

 them of drift deposits and, in at least two cases, of buried sections so 

 completely filled with drift that the present stream has been turned 



* Carney : Journal of Geography, vol, ii, 1903, pp. 115-124, 



