WEST VIRGINIA POCONO 31 



feet; but near New Cumberland, in Hancock count}^ the Big Injun is 

 95 feet thick, Avith 350 feet of shale below it. Here one is so far north, 

 alongside of Beaver count}^ Pennsylvania, that it is difficult to resist the 

 conclusion that the section represents the Shenango-Logan sandstone 

 resting on the Cuyahoga shales; so that the upper plate is evidently the 

 Shenango sandstone of White; the Shale, his Meadville, and the Squaw 

 his Sharpsville. 



In this connection it may be well to introduce for comparison the 

 record of a well at McDonald's station, in northern Washington count)^ 

 Pennsylvania, about midway between Pittsburg and Wellsburg, on a 

 west-southwest line. The record is exceptional!}^ satisfactory, in that 

 the measurements were made at intervals of 1 to 3 feet, and additional 

 precautions were taken to confirm rope measurements by tape measure- 

 ments at intervals of 15 to 60 feet. At each measurement the drillings 

 were tested with acid. The grouping by Doctor White is 



Feet 



"Big Injun sand," all sand except in 17 feet near bottom, no trace of lime- 

 stone 237 



Shales, white, gray, black, a little sandstone 88 



'* Squaw sand," 9 feet of shale near middle 42 



Shales, black and ^va.y, some sandy beds 201 



Sand 29 



Total 617 



From the " Squaw " to the first Venango sand in this record is 333 

 feet. This section is greatly in contrast with those at Pittsburg and 

 Wellsburg. At the former the upper sandstone is 140 feet, separated by 

 10 feet of shale from the lower bed of 20 feet, which rests on 115 feet of 

 shale ; at the latter the Big Injun is 140 feet, the Shales 50 feet, the 

 Squaw 50 feet, resting on 400 feet of blue shale. It is equally in con- 

 trast with the section at Mount Pleasant, a few miles south from 

 McDonalds, where the Big Injun may be taken as 133, slate 22 feet, 

 Squaw 11 feet, shales and irregular sandstones 367 feet, and the total 

 distance from the bottom of the Mauch Chunk to the first Venango sand 

 is 671 feet as against 720 feet at McDonalds. The chief concern for us, as 

 will be seen in the second section of this chapter, is with the Big Injun 

 or upper plate, but it is noteworthy that the Crawford County section is 

 recognizable as far south as southern Pennsylvania. 



Returning to the south and crossing Wetzel county, one reaches Tyler. 

 Here, as in several other counties, the lower portion of the Greenbrier 

 (Mauch Chunk) limestone is absent, while the sandstone overlying it is 

 persistent, and therefore rests directly on the Shenango, from which it 

 can not be separated easily. This is the " Keener " sand of the drillers, 



V— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. li, 1902 



